###
Article: Almost one million people visited the city during the six-week festival period over Christmas and Hogmanay. Organisers said almost 890,000 people visited the Edinburgh's Christmas events in 2014/15, contributing £199.5m to the local economy. The three-day Hogmanay celebrations attracted more than 150,000 people, creating an economic impact of £41.8m. Charlie Wood, Edinburgh's Christmas festival director, said: "This is great news for Edinburgh. The revenue generated does not go to the events themselves, the event organisers or to Edinburgh city council. "This is money, which is going to the businesses of Edinburgh, be it retail, accommodation, food, drink, shopping and entertainment."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Edinburgh's winter festivals generated more than £241m for the city, according to organisers.

###
Article: The 25-year-old, from North Ormesby, was shaping metal when a part from the press fell on his foot on 17 March. Teesside Magistrates' Court heard that SM Thompson Limited, of Middlesbrough, had allowed dangerous lifting practices to go unchecked over 10 years. The firm admitted a Health and Safety Executive (HSE) breach and was fined Â£7,500. It must also pay Â£1,120 costs. The hearing heard how the worker had to have the big toe on his left foot amputated and two other toes removed. He was in hospital for seven days but has since returned to work, the hearing heard. HSE inspector Paul Wilson said: "This worker's injuries need not have happened. "The failure of SM Thompson to look properly at the risks involved and then organise the lifting operation properly put staff at needless risk. "This sadly led to the painful and life-changing injuries suffered by this young man."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A Teesside steel firm has been fined after a worker was crushed by a press and had to have three toes amputated.

###
Article: The colourful phenomenon was visible in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but was also spotted as far south as Anglesey in Wales and Staffordshire in England. Aurora Borealis occurs when electrically-charged particles from the sun enter the earth's atmosphere. Many people took to social media to share photographs of the dramatic show. Forecasters had predicted a solar storm and good conditions for Aurora Borealis, and sightings of green, pink, purple, red and yellow lights were reported for several hours from about 20:00 GMT. Gavin Chambers, an RSPB warden, tweeted pictures of vivid green in the sky over Lake Vyrnwy in Powys, Wales, saying: "Well worth getting back out of bed for!!" Donna Butcher tweeted: "Just been watching an amazing display of Aurora from Staveley, Cumbria. Shafts of light streaming directly towards Polaris." You can email your pictures and video to yourpics@bbc.co.uk, and find out more about the Northern Lights here.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
There have been spectacular displays of the Aurora Borealis - better known as the Northern Lights - across parts of the UK overnight.

###
Article: The astronomer, who presented The Sky At Night for over 50 years, died at his home in Selsey, West Sussex, in December 2012. The monocle will be auctioned later at Christie's, in London. The xylophone - which he used during a Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen - is to be sold at Henry Adams Auctioneers in Chichester. Sir Patrick presented the first edition of The Sky at Night on 24 April 1957. He became famous for his habit of wearing a monocle on screen, as well as his dishevelled and idiosyncratic persona. However, he was a celebrated and gifted astronomer and wrote dozens of books, with his research being used by the US and the Soviet Union in their space programmes. The monocle has a reserve price of £500 - £800 and the xylophone £1,500 - £2,000.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Sir Patrick Moore's famous monocle and his xylophone are due to be sold at two separate auctions.

###
Article: Two-year-old Sophia set out across her family's property south-east of Melbourne at around 7:30pm on Tuesday. The dog, a one-year-old Australian sheepdog named Poppy, went with her. Police confirmed that Poppy's barking alerted rescuers to the whereabouts of the pair after a seven-hour search. Rescuers found Sophia and Poppy 200m from a dam on the family's property. The Australian Broadcasting Corp. quoted Sophia's grandmother, Vera Cook, who credited the dog with saving the toddler's life. She said that Sophia was wearing just a nappy and T-shirt when she wandered off. "The only thing I was thinking was well, hopefully the dog would have kept her warm," Ms Cook was quoted as saying. "If [the dog] wasn't with her, I don't know whether they would have found her." The family issued a statement thanking emergency services and promising that Poppy would be "well fed this evening".

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A pet dog is being credited with keeping a little girl safe after the pair wandered away from their family home and could not be found for hours.

###
Article: Cumberbatch has apologised and said he was "devastated to have caused offence" after using the word on a US TV show to describe black actors. "I think it's ridiculous," Selma star Oyelowo told Newsbeat. "When you look at what he was actually saying it's clear that he's a huge supporter of black performers." David Oyelowo was speaking at the UK premiere of Selma, in which he stars as 1960s civil rights activist Martin Luther King, Jr. Cumberbatch mentioned David Oyelowo and Chiwetel Ejiofor as part of a wider discussion with US talk show host Tavis Smiley about diversity in the film industry. "To attack him for a term, as opposed to what he was actually saying, I think is very disingenuous and is indicative of the age we live in where people are looking for sound bites as opposed to substance." More: Why the word 'coloured' is offensive The actor also said he had spoken to Cumberbatch about the controversy that flared up online over the past few days. "I reached out to him in support and said I think it's ridiculous," he said. When asked if he felt Hollywood and the film industry had an issue with diversity, Oyelowo replied with a resounding "absolutely". "You can see that in the fact every time a film of this size and stature comes up. "We're talking about diversity again and that's because there isn't enough of it." He cited his recent role in Interstellar as one that wasn't specified as a black character and noted "to get to the point whereby myself and Ryan Gosling are going up for the same role is going to be great". "That's not to say that that doesn't happen, it just doesn't happen often." Oyelowo suggested there needed to be more diversity among people with the power to finance and get films made. "Excellence is the best weapon against prejudice. I intend to be part of the solution and not the problem. "You've just got to keep on banging out good performances." Benedict Cumberbatch has been nominated for the best actor Oscar for his role in The Imitation Game, and while David Oyelowo missed out on an acting nomination for Selma, the film is in the running for best picture at next month's ceremony. So does David think the negative publicity Benedict has been getting will harm Cumberbatch's career? "Absolutely not," said Oyelowo. "I think it's just part of the silly news cycle that we all feed off and it will go away like chip paper as it does. "He's a brilliant actor, he gives a brilliant performance in Imitation Game and, like I say, it's just a diversion from what we should be talking about, which is that astounding performance." Follow @BBCNewsbeat on Twitter, BBCNewsbeat on Instagram and Radio1Newsbeat on YouTube

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.

David Oyelowo has defended fellow British actor and friend, Benedict Cumberbatch, for using the term "coloured" during an interview.


###
Article: Almost one million people visited the city during the six-week festival period over Christmas and Hogmanay. Organisers said almost 890,000 people visited the Edinburgh's Christmas events in 2014/15, contributing £199.5m to the local economy. The three-day Hogmanay celebrations attracted more than 150,000 people, creating an economic impact of £41.8m. Charlie Wood, Edinburgh's Christmas festival director, said: "This is great news for Edinburgh. The revenue generated does not go to the events themselves, the event organisers or to Edinburgh city council. "This is money, which is going to the businesses of Edinburgh, be it retail, accommodation, food, drink, shopping and entertainment."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Edinburgh's winter festivals generated more than £241m for the city, according to organisers.

###
Article: The 25-year-old, from North Ormesby, was shaping metal when a part from the press fell on his foot on 17 March. Teesside Magistrates' Court heard that SM Thompson Limited, of Middlesbrough, had allowed dangerous lifting practices to go unchecked over 10 years. The firm admitted a Health and Safety Executive (HSE) breach and was fined Â£7,500. It must also pay Â£1,120 costs. The hearing heard how the worker had to have the big toe on his left foot amputated and two other toes removed. He was in hospital for seven days but has since returned to work, the hearing heard. HSE inspector Paul Wilson said: "This worker's injuries need not have happened. "The failure of SM Thompson to look properly at the risks involved and then organise the lifting operation properly put staff at needless risk. "This sadly led to the painful and life-changing injuries suffered by this young man."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A Teesside steel firm has been fined after a worker was crushed by a press and had to have three toes amputated.

###
Article: The colourful phenomenon was visible in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but was also spotted as far south as Anglesey in Wales and Staffordshire in England. Aurora Borealis occurs when electrically-charged particles from the sun enter the earth's atmosphere. Many people took to social media to share photographs of the dramatic show. Forecasters had predicted a solar storm and good conditions for Aurora Borealis, and sightings of green, pink, purple, red and yellow lights were reported for several hours from about 20:00 GMT. Gavin Chambers, an RSPB warden, tweeted pictures of vivid green in the sky over Lake Vyrnwy in Powys, Wales, saying: "Well worth getting back out of bed for!!" Donna Butcher tweeted: "Just been watching an amazing display of Aurora from Staveley, Cumbria. Shafts of light streaming directly towards Polaris." You can email your pictures and video to yourpics@bbc.co.uk, and find out more about the Northern Lights here.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
There have been spectacular displays of the Aurora Borealis - better known as the Northern Lights - across parts of the UK overnight.

###
Article: The astronomer, who presented The Sky At Night for over 50 years, died at his home in Selsey, West Sussex, in December 2012. The monocle will be auctioned later at Christie's, in London. The xylophone - which he used during a Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen - is to be sold at Henry Adams Auctioneers in Chichester. Sir Patrick presented the first edition of The Sky at Night on 24 April 1957. He became famous for his habit of wearing a monocle on screen, as well as his dishevelled and idiosyncratic persona. However, he was a celebrated and gifted astronomer and wrote dozens of books, with his research being used by the US and the Soviet Union in their space programmes. The monocle has a reserve price of £500 - £800 and the xylophone £1,500 - £2,000.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Sir Patrick Moore's famous monocle and his xylophone are due to be sold at two separate auctions.

###
Article: Two-year-old Sophia set out across her family's property south-east of Melbourne at around 7:30pm on Tuesday. The dog, a one-year-old Australian sheepdog named Poppy, went with her. Police confirmed that Poppy's barking alerted rescuers to the whereabouts of the pair after a seven-hour search. Rescuers found Sophia and Poppy 200m from a dam on the family's property. The Australian Broadcasting Corp. quoted Sophia's grandmother, Vera Cook, who credited the dog with saving the toddler's life. She said that Sophia was wearing just a nappy and T-shirt when she wandered off. "The only thing I was thinking was well, hopefully the dog would have kept her warm," Ms Cook was quoted as saying. "If [the dog] wasn't with her, I don't know whether they would have found her." The family issued a statement thanking emergency services and promising that Poppy would be "well fed this evening".

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A pet dog is being credited with keeping a little girl safe after the pair wandered away from their family home and could not be found for hours.

###
Article: It said a 2014 Supreme Court ruling that widened the definition of who was subject to the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards had led to a rise in cases. Services cannot cope, deadlines were "routinely breached" and the system should be replaced, the body reported. The government commissioned the report and said it would review the law. The Law Commission, an independent body which reviews laws in England and Wales, made several recommendations to improve the system. These included requiring all decision-makers to put greater weight on the person's wishes and feelings when making decisions under the Mental Capacity Act. When a vulnerable person - usually suffering from a severe learning disability or dementia - in a care home or hospital has limits put on what they can do or where they can go for their own safety, the institution must apply to the local council to authorise the deprivation of liberty. The deprivation of liberty safeguards (DoLS) should ensure that a care home, hospital or supported living arrangement only deprives someone of their liberty in a safe and correct way, and that this is only done when it is in the best interests of the person and there is no other way to look after them. The system, under the Mental Capacity Act, requires that the care arrangements are independently checked. A landmark ruling from the Supreme Court in 2014 - also referred to as the Cheshire West decision - widened the definition of who was subject to the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (DoLS). This triggered an increase in the number of cases, which the commission said has left health and social care services "unable to cope". Official figures show that hospitals and care homes in England made 195,840 DoLS applications in 2015-16 - more than 14 times the 13,700 in 2013-14. The commission said the increased workload had resulted in a rising number of DoLS referrals that were not assessed and statutory timescales were "routinely breached". In England, out of the 195,840 DoLS referrals during 2015-16, only 43% were completed in the year, the commission said. Of those, only 29% were completed within the 21 day time-limit set in regulations. It affects vulnerable people with dementia and learning disabilities and their families. The Law Commission's report provided examples of cases where the current system did not work. Steven Neary, a young man with autism and learning disabilities, lived with his father, who reported in December 2009 that he was having difficult coping. The local authority arranged for Steven to stay in a residential support unit and his father agreed to an extended stay of a couple of weeks. But Steven was detained there by the local authority for a year, including a period when he was subject to the DoLS regime, and the Court of Protection held that Steven had been unlawfully detained. The court noted that the local authority did not properly discuss its concerns or its plans with Steven's father. The Law Commission is calling for the current system to be scrapped and replaced "right away". Law Commissioner Nicolas Paines QC said the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards were designed at a time when fewer people were considered deprived of their liberty and now it was "failing" people it was set up to protect. "It's not right that people with dementia and learning disabilities are being denied their freedoms unlawfully," she said. "There are unnecessary costs and backlogs at every turn, and all too often family members are left without the support they need." The commission wants to replacing the law with a new scheme called the Liberty Protection Safeguards. Its recommendations include: A Department of Health spokesman said it was "committed" to protecting the rights of vulnerable people, which is why it commissioned the review. "We thank the Law Commission for its detailed work, and will be responding to these constructive recommendations in due course." The Department of Health said it provided Â£25m of additional funding for 2015/16 to local authorities to support them in managing the increase in DoLS applications.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.

People with dementia and learning difficulties are being detained in care without checks due to a 'failing' law, the Law Commission has said.


###
Article: Almost one million people visited the city during the six-week festival period over Christmas and Hogmanay. Organisers said almost 890,000 people visited the Edinburgh's Christmas events in 2014/15, contributing £199.5m to the local economy. The three-day Hogmanay celebrations attracted more than 150,000 people, creating an economic impact of £41.8m. Charlie Wood, Edinburgh's Christmas festival director, said: "This is great news for Edinburgh. The revenue generated does not go to the events themselves, the event organisers or to Edinburgh city council. "This is money, which is going to the businesses of Edinburgh, be it retail, accommodation, food, drink, shopping and entertainment."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Edinburgh's winter festivals generated more than £241m for the city, according to organisers.

###
Article: The 25-year-old, from North Ormesby, was shaping metal when a part from the press fell on his foot on 17 March. Teesside Magistrates' Court heard that SM Thompson Limited, of Middlesbrough, had allowed dangerous lifting practices to go unchecked over 10 years. The firm admitted a Health and Safety Executive (HSE) breach and was fined Â£7,500. It must also pay Â£1,120 costs. The hearing heard how the worker had to have the big toe on his left foot amputated and two other toes removed. He was in hospital for seven days but has since returned to work, the hearing heard. HSE inspector Paul Wilson said: "This worker's injuries need not have happened. "The failure of SM Thompson to look properly at the risks involved and then organise the lifting operation properly put staff at needless risk. "This sadly led to the painful and life-changing injuries suffered by this young man."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A Teesside steel firm has been fined after a worker was crushed by a press and had to have three toes amputated.

###
Article: The colourful phenomenon was visible in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but was also spotted as far south as Anglesey in Wales and Staffordshire in England. Aurora Borealis occurs when electrically-charged particles from the sun enter the earth's atmosphere. Many people took to social media to share photographs of the dramatic show. Forecasters had predicted a solar storm and good conditions for Aurora Borealis, and sightings of green, pink, purple, red and yellow lights were reported for several hours from about 20:00 GMT. Gavin Chambers, an RSPB warden, tweeted pictures of vivid green in the sky over Lake Vyrnwy in Powys, Wales, saying: "Well worth getting back out of bed for!!" Donna Butcher tweeted: "Just been watching an amazing display of Aurora from Staveley, Cumbria. Shafts of light streaming directly towards Polaris." You can email your pictures and video to yourpics@bbc.co.uk, and find out more about the Northern Lights here.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
There have been spectacular displays of the Aurora Borealis - better known as the Northern Lights - across parts of the UK overnight.

###
Article: The astronomer, who presented The Sky At Night for over 50 years, died at his home in Selsey, West Sussex, in December 2012. The monocle will be auctioned later at Christie's, in London. The xylophone - which he used during a Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen - is to be sold at Henry Adams Auctioneers in Chichester. Sir Patrick presented the first edition of The Sky at Night on 24 April 1957. He became famous for his habit of wearing a monocle on screen, as well as his dishevelled and idiosyncratic persona. However, he was a celebrated and gifted astronomer and wrote dozens of books, with his research being used by the US and the Soviet Union in their space programmes. The monocle has a reserve price of £500 - £800 and the xylophone £1,500 - £2,000.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Sir Patrick Moore's famous monocle and his xylophone are due to be sold at two separate auctions.

###
Article: Two-year-old Sophia set out across her family's property south-east of Melbourne at around 7:30pm on Tuesday. The dog, a one-year-old Australian sheepdog named Poppy, went with her. Police confirmed that Poppy's barking alerted rescuers to the whereabouts of the pair after a seven-hour search. Rescuers found Sophia and Poppy 200m from a dam on the family's property. The Australian Broadcasting Corp. quoted Sophia's grandmother, Vera Cook, who credited the dog with saving the toddler's life. She said that Sophia was wearing just a nappy and T-shirt when she wandered off. "The only thing I was thinking was well, hopefully the dog would have kept her warm," Ms Cook was quoted as saying. "If [the dog] wasn't with her, I don't know whether they would have found her." The family issued a statement thanking emergency services and promising that Poppy would be "well fed this evening".

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A pet dog is being credited with keeping a little girl safe after the pair wandered away from their family home and could not be found for hours.

###
Article: Giving people the right to buy their council houses and shares in previously nationalised firms such as British Telecom and British Gas were among the initiatives that won her much support. But some believe that other changes, such as those that made mortgages and credit much easier to get, sowed the seeds of future crises that still affect many to this day. Here, BBC reporters look at some of the changes that, for better or worse, have changed our finances forever. By Brian Milligan, personal finance reporter, BBC News. The Right to Buy Scheme for council houses was one of Margaret Thatcher's most popular policies. It was enshrined in the Housing Act of 1980, making it one of her first major pieces of legislation after she came to office in 1979. The number of people who bought their council house from their local authorities rose to 200,000 by 1982, and again peaked at 180,000 in 1989, her last full year as prime minister. Since the Housing Act came into force, it is estimated that some two million homes have been sold to former council tenants. The sale price was based on market valuation, but included substantial discounts, depending on how long a tenant had been living there. When Labour came to power in 1997, it reduced the value of such discounts in areas where councils were running short of housing stock. Critics said the policy resulted in speculators buying up valuable housing stock too cheaply. The Right to Buy Scheme was extended in the March 2013 Budget, as the government vowed to increase sales once again. By Simon Gompertz, personal finance correspondent, BBC News Before Mrs Thatcher arrived at No 10, British passports contained a special page to record the amount of cash travellers took out of the country. The page was one of the first things to be scrapped by the new government, as the Tories moved to abolish exchange controls. The Chancellor, Geoffrey Howe, raised travel allowances to £1,000 per trip and permitted overseas property purchases of up to £100,000. On the tax front, the basic rate was cut by 3p to 30p in the pound, while the highest rate came down from 83p to 60p. But Thatcher's chancellors not only cut income tax, but also changed the way we pay tax. To fund lower taxes on incomes, up went tax on most things shoppers bought. VAT, or value added tax, jumped from 8% to 15%. Within a few years, the basic rate of tax had fallen to 25%, while the higher rate had been slashed to 40%. By Stephanie FlandersEconomics editor With money from tax cuts in their pockets, shoppers began to rediscover the "feelgood factor". They were encouraged further as credit was unleashed. Restrictions on hire purchase offers were relaxed, stores offered credit, credit cards boomed. Consumer borrowing tripled during the 1980s. And, of course, mortgages were easier to get. The old rule of thumb that you only borrow two-and-a-half times salary was thrown out of the window. Building societies were allowed to lend more and foreign banks set up in the UK to compete. The Bank of England did not control the expansion of credit and there are those who see the roots of the current financial crisis in the credit boom of the Thatcher years. Mrs Thatcher wanted self-reliance, not reliance on the state. That was the thinking behind the launch of personal pensions in 1988. The new plans provided a route to save for those who did not have a company scheme. But, sadly, they backfired. The promotions and publicity got out of hand. Advisers went to town, encouraging savers to switch out of solid traditional schemes into riskier personal pensions. Compensating the victims cost the pensions industry £11bn. More successful were personal equity plans or Peps, designed to encourage savers to salt away up to £6,000 a year in shares, in exchange for a tax break. To complement Peps, John Major, the last chancellor of the Thatcher era, introduced a tax-free vehicle for cash savings, the Tessa. The idea caught on. Peps and Tessas later morphed into individual savings accounts, or Isas, in which Britons have £390bn salted away. By John Moylan, employment correspondent, BBC News Few senior trade union figures have commented on the death of Baroness Thatcher. That silence speaks volumes for the lasting legacy that her reforms had on the power of the movement. She was ushered to power in the wake of the Winter of Discontent when a wave of strikes paralysed many parts of the economy. Rubbish was piled high in the streets as  collections stopped. And famously, gravediggers went on strike. The Conservative government set about a series of changes to employment and trade union laws, which ended mass picketing, secondary action and the closed shop, where staff had to join a union to get a job. Secret ballots were introduced, as were restrictions on holding legitimate disputes that still rankle with the unions to this day. In 1979 there were more than 29 million working days lost to strike action. These days, that number is typically well below one million. The miners' strike of 1984-85 came to symbolise the government's battle with the unions. The year-long dispute over pit closures led to repeated scenes of violence as striking miners clashed with police. In the end the miners went back to work. The balance of power in industrial relations had shifted forever. Unions insist that the collapse in traditional manufacturing industries during the 1980s did as much to diminish their power. Membership fell from over 12 million in 1980 - today there are fewer than 6 million members of Trades Union Congress-affiliated unions. One of the first actions of the Labour government in 1997 was to repeal the ban on unions at GCHQ - the Government Communications Headquarters - imposed under the Tories. But under New Labour, the main planks of the reforms of the Thatcher years remained unchanged. By Kevin Peachey, personal finance reporter, BBC News A policy of privatising the UK's large utilities revolutionised share ownership in the UK, and as such it was widely popular with many, though the initiatives also had their critics. The recession of the early 1980s created the environment that allowed the Conservatives to drive forward the idea of moving nationalised industries into private ownership. By the end of its first term, it had already privatised British Aerospace and Cable & Wireless. British Telecom, British Airways, British Steel, as well as water and electricity firms were among those privatised later. This led to a new wave of first-time shareholders in the UK. One of the first privatisations and arguably the most memorable - through a celebrated advertising campaign - was the sell-off of shares in British Gas in 1986. The promotional campaign featured TV adverts in which characters urged each other to "tell Sid" about the chance to buy shares at "affordable" prices. Anyone who has held on to these shares will now have a portfolio that includes a stake in Centrica, BG Group and National Grid. Privatisation was key to the Thatcher government's economic policy. As a result, it hoped that the large subsidies granted to industry over the decades would be eventually phased out, allowing for further tax cuts and controlling borrowing. It also encouraged the idea of members of the public owning shares in big former monopolies. Yet, figures from the Office for National Statistics show that the percentage of the UK stock market owned by UK individuals was higher in the 1960s and 1970s in terms of value, than the 1980s. In 1981, 28% was owned by UK individuals. This had fallen to 20% by the end of the Thatcher term in 1990. Yet it fell to just over 11% by the end of 2010. By Rebecca Marston, business reporter, BBC News The impact of one of Margaret Thatcher's deregulation drives was the drastic reorganisation of the way shares were traded in the UK. The so-called "Big Bang", introduced on 27 October 1986, made it far simpler to trade shares on the London Stock Exchange. The most visible reform was that traders no longer stalked the floor of the Exchange, animatedly dealing with each other face-to-face. Big Bang moved them at a stroke from that to screen-based and telephone trading. It also broke up what many saw as a gentlemen's club, ruled by restrictive practices. (It is worth noting that there were almost no women and the gentlemen described came from a far wider class base than the phrase suggests.) Before Big Bang, share dealing was done through a stockbroker, who advised clients on dealings. Transactions were carried out by jobbers, who made markets in shares - physically seeking out others with whom to trade on the Stock Exchange floor. Price competition was not allowed, fixed commissions were the norm. At best it was a self-regulating club, where bounders could easily be spotted, but at its worst this club fostered insider dealing and share price ramping. Big Bang saw many of the City's historic names disappear in a frenzy of takeovers as banks jostled to buy  jobbers and stockbrokers in order to become one-stop shops. This, in turn, unleashed a succession of takeovers by even bigger organisations, the giant American finance houses. Big Bang helped facilitate privatisation, demystifying the share-buying process that many ordinary people had found a stumbling block, thus allowing people to simply walk into their banks and order a parcel of shares. But while it made dealing and investing easier, it also paved the way for the creation of giant financial institutions, whose size has meant their health is critical to the wellbeing of the general economy.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.

During her years as prime minister, Margaret Thatcher revolutionised the economic fortunes of every person in the UK.


###
Article: Almost one million people visited the city during the six-week festival period over Christmas and Hogmanay. Organisers said almost 890,000 people visited the Edinburgh's Christmas events in 2014/15, contributing £199.5m to the local economy. The three-day Hogmanay celebrations attracted more than 150,000 people, creating an economic impact of £41.8m. Charlie Wood, Edinburgh's Christmas festival director, said: "This is great news for Edinburgh. The revenue generated does not go to the events themselves, the event organisers or to Edinburgh city council. "This is money, which is going to the businesses of Edinburgh, be it retail, accommodation, food, drink, shopping and entertainment."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Edinburgh's winter festivals generated more than £241m for the city, according to organisers.

###
Article: The 25-year-old, from North Ormesby, was shaping metal when a part from the press fell on his foot on 17 March. Teesside Magistrates' Court heard that SM Thompson Limited, of Middlesbrough, had allowed dangerous lifting practices to go unchecked over 10 years. The firm admitted a Health and Safety Executive (HSE) breach and was fined Â£7,500. It must also pay Â£1,120 costs. The hearing heard how the worker had to have the big toe on his left foot amputated and two other toes removed. He was in hospital for seven days but has since returned to work, the hearing heard. HSE inspector Paul Wilson said: "This worker's injuries need not have happened. "The failure of SM Thompson to look properly at the risks involved and then organise the lifting operation properly put staff at needless risk. "This sadly led to the painful and life-changing injuries suffered by this young man."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A Teesside steel firm has been fined after a worker was crushed by a press and had to have three toes amputated.

###
Article: The colourful phenomenon was visible in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but was also spotted as far south as Anglesey in Wales and Staffordshire in England. Aurora Borealis occurs when electrically-charged particles from the sun enter the earth's atmosphere. Many people took to social media to share photographs of the dramatic show. Forecasters had predicted a solar storm and good conditions for Aurora Borealis, and sightings of green, pink, purple, red and yellow lights were reported for several hours from about 20:00 GMT. Gavin Chambers, an RSPB warden, tweeted pictures of vivid green in the sky over Lake Vyrnwy in Powys, Wales, saying: "Well worth getting back out of bed for!!" Donna Butcher tweeted: "Just been watching an amazing display of Aurora from Staveley, Cumbria. Shafts of light streaming directly towards Polaris." You can email your pictures and video to yourpics@bbc.co.uk, and find out more about the Northern Lights here.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
There have been spectacular displays of the Aurora Borealis - better known as the Northern Lights - across parts of the UK overnight.

###
Article: The astronomer, who presented The Sky At Night for over 50 years, died at his home in Selsey, West Sussex, in December 2012. The monocle will be auctioned later at Christie's, in London. The xylophone - which he used during a Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen - is to be sold at Henry Adams Auctioneers in Chichester. Sir Patrick presented the first edition of The Sky at Night on 24 April 1957. He became famous for his habit of wearing a monocle on screen, as well as his dishevelled and idiosyncratic persona. However, he was a celebrated and gifted astronomer and wrote dozens of books, with his research being used by the US and the Soviet Union in their space programmes. The monocle has a reserve price of £500 - £800 and the xylophone £1,500 - £2,000.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Sir Patrick Moore's famous monocle and his xylophone are due to be sold at two separate auctions.

###
Article: Two-year-old Sophia set out across her family's property south-east of Melbourne at around 7:30pm on Tuesday. The dog, a one-year-old Australian sheepdog named Poppy, went with her. Police confirmed that Poppy's barking alerted rescuers to the whereabouts of the pair after a seven-hour search. Rescuers found Sophia and Poppy 200m from a dam on the family's property. The Australian Broadcasting Corp. quoted Sophia's grandmother, Vera Cook, who credited the dog with saving the toddler's life. She said that Sophia was wearing just a nappy and T-shirt when she wandered off. "The only thing I was thinking was well, hopefully the dog would have kept her warm," Ms Cook was quoted as saying. "If [the dog] wasn't with her, I don't know whether they would have found her." The family issued a statement thanking emergency services and promising that Poppy would be "well fed this evening".

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A pet dog is being credited with keeping a little girl safe after the pair wandered away from their family home and could not be found for hours.

###
Article: The find, which spans adjacent blocks operated separately by the two companies, has been flow-tested at a maximum rate of 5,350 barrels per day. The discovery has been called Marconi by GDF Suez subsidiary GDF Suez E&P UK, while BP has named it Vorlich. GDF Suez E&P UK managing director Ruud Zoon described the discovery as "encouraging". He said: "The discovery is our third successful well this year and demonstrates a continuing commitment by GDF Suez to an active exploration and appraisal drilling programme on the UK Continental Shelf." GDF Suez has already built up more than 50 licences in the Central and Southern North Sea and West of Shetland. The company employs more than 300 staff and contractors in offices in London and Aberdeen. BP, along with co-venturers, is undertaking a Â£10bn investment programme in the North Sea. It has undertaken to spend more than Â£7bn of that sum in the next five years. Trevor Garlick, regional president of BP North Sea, said: "As BP marks its 50th year in the North Sea and as the industry looks to maximise economic recovery from the basin, increasing exploration activity and finding new ways to collaborate will be critical to realising remaining potential. "This discovery is a great example of both." Industry body Oil & Gas UK welcomed the new discovery. Operations director Oonagh Werngren said: "At a time when exploration in the UKCS (UK Continental Shelf) is facing severe investment and cost pressures, it is heartening to see two UK explorers apply their expertise to understand the risks of the CNS (Central North Sea) and demonstrate that there are still significant economic plays to be developed within the basin. "Going forward, the UKCS needs to secure substantial investment and increase exploration, and this will come both through an improved fiscal regime and better technical understanding of the basin." The UK government's Business and Energy Minister Matthew Hancock said: "We are determined to have set the right fiscal and regulatory regimes to make sure we can get the maximum possible economic extraction of oil and gas from the North Sea. "This discovery shows exactly what can be achieved in the North Sea if companies work together to maximise the considerable potential of remaining oil and gas reserves." The SNP said the discovery raised "serious questions" over the "scaremongering on oil revenues" by pro-Union politicians ahead of last month's independence referendum. Scottish Energy Minister Fergus Ewing said: "This discovery is another great example of the huge potential the future holds for the North Sea. "With more effective collaboration, increased exploration activity and a commitment to maximising economic recovery, the overall value that the industry continues to generate for the wider economy can also be maximised. "It is critical that current reforms to the regulatory and fiscal regimes applying in the North Sea are expedited and prioritised with a view to ensuring the economic viability of projects such as these, and to realising the opportunities for development of the vast remaining resources in the North Sea."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.

Oil firms BP and GDF Suez have announced the discovery of a new field in the UK Central North Sea.


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Article: Almost one million people visited the city during the six-week festival period over Christmas and Hogmanay. Organisers said almost 890,000 people visited the Edinburgh's Christmas events in 2014/15, contributing £199.5m to the local economy. The three-day Hogmanay celebrations attracted more than 150,000 people, creating an economic impact of £41.8m. Charlie Wood, Edinburgh's Christmas festival director, said: "This is great news for Edinburgh. The revenue generated does not go to the events themselves, the event organisers or to Edinburgh city council. "This is money, which is going to the businesses of Edinburgh, be it retail, accommodation, food, drink, shopping and entertainment."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Edinburgh's winter festivals generated more than £241m for the city, according to organisers.

###
Article: The 25-year-old, from North Ormesby, was shaping metal when a part from the press fell on his foot on 17 March. Teesside Magistrates' Court heard that SM Thompson Limited, of Middlesbrough, had allowed dangerous lifting practices to go unchecked over 10 years. The firm admitted a Health and Safety Executive (HSE) breach and was fined Â£7,500. It must also pay Â£1,120 costs. The hearing heard how the worker had to have the big toe on his left foot amputated and two other toes removed. He was in hospital for seven days but has since returned to work, the hearing heard. HSE inspector Paul Wilson said: "This worker's injuries need not have happened. "The failure of SM Thompson to look properly at the risks involved and then organise the lifting operation properly put staff at needless risk. "This sadly led to the painful and life-changing injuries suffered by this young man."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A Teesside steel firm has been fined after a worker was crushed by a press and had to have three toes amputated.

###
Article: The colourful phenomenon was visible in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but was also spotted as far south as Anglesey in Wales and Staffordshire in England. Aurora Borealis occurs when electrically-charged particles from the sun enter the earth's atmosphere. Many people took to social media to share photographs of the dramatic show. Forecasters had predicted a solar storm and good conditions for Aurora Borealis, and sightings of green, pink, purple, red and yellow lights were reported for several hours from about 20:00 GMT. Gavin Chambers, an RSPB warden, tweeted pictures of vivid green in the sky over Lake Vyrnwy in Powys, Wales, saying: "Well worth getting back out of bed for!!" Donna Butcher tweeted: "Just been watching an amazing display of Aurora from Staveley, Cumbria. Shafts of light streaming directly towards Polaris." You can email your pictures and video to yourpics@bbc.co.uk, and find out more about the Northern Lights here.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
There have been spectacular displays of the Aurora Borealis - better known as the Northern Lights - across parts of the UK overnight.

###
Article: The astronomer, who presented The Sky At Night for over 50 years, died at his home in Selsey, West Sussex, in December 2012. The monocle will be auctioned later at Christie's, in London. The xylophone - which he used during a Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen - is to be sold at Henry Adams Auctioneers in Chichester. Sir Patrick presented the first edition of The Sky at Night on 24 April 1957. He became famous for his habit of wearing a monocle on screen, as well as his dishevelled and idiosyncratic persona. However, he was a celebrated and gifted astronomer and wrote dozens of books, with his research being used by the US and the Soviet Union in their space programmes. The monocle has a reserve price of £500 - £800 and the xylophone £1,500 - £2,000.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Sir Patrick Moore's famous monocle and his xylophone are due to be sold at two separate auctions.

###
Article: Two-year-old Sophia set out across her family's property south-east of Melbourne at around 7:30pm on Tuesday. The dog, a one-year-old Australian sheepdog named Poppy, went with her. Police confirmed that Poppy's barking alerted rescuers to the whereabouts of the pair after a seven-hour search. Rescuers found Sophia and Poppy 200m from a dam on the family's property. The Australian Broadcasting Corp. quoted Sophia's grandmother, Vera Cook, who credited the dog with saving the toddler's life. She said that Sophia was wearing just a nappy and T-shirt when she wandered off. "The only thing I was thinking was well, hopefully the dog would have kept her warm," Ms Cook was quoted as saying. "If [the dog] wasn't with her, I don't know whether they would have found her." The family issued a statement thanking emergency services and promising that Poppy would be "well fed this evening".

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A pet dog is being credited with keeping a little girl safe after the pair wandered away from their family home and could not be found for hours.

###
Article: Red Bull motorsport boss Helmut Marko told Germany's Bild newspaper: "The idea of Mercedes is finished. We are now focusing elsewhere." Team principal Christian Horner said he was doing "necessary due diligence" in talking to other manufacturers. With their partnership with Renault disintegrating, the team may be forced to switch to Ferrari engines. Mercedes are understood to be against supplying Red Bull - who are contracted to Renault until 2016 - because they do not want to help a strong rival become more competitive. Media playback is not supported on this device The German giant is also concerned about what it and many other F1 insiders perceive to be Red Bull's history of antagonistic relationships with engine partners. Red Bull's relationship with Renault has been difficult for some time, and appears to have become untenable in recent months as the team's frustrations with the lack of competitiveness of the French engine boil over. Honda is the only other manufacturer in F1, but partner McLaren would almost certainly exercise their veto over any potential deal with Red Bull, who in any case are not believed to be interested in a deal with the Japanese company at this stage. Renault, which supplies only Red Bull and sister team Toro Rosso in F1, is in the final stages of negotiations to take over the financially troubled Lotus team, although no deal has yet been completed. Ferrari team principal Maurizio Arrivabene said the Italian company was prepared to supply Red Bull if necessary. He said he was not concerned about their reputation for being able to build highly-competitive chassis in F1, led by their design chief Adrian Newey. Arrivabene said: "In theory they have big names, with Newey as chief designer and it is easy to think that if you give them the engine they will build a scary chassis, which means they will be really competitive. "Concerning my team, my engineers and aerodynamicists know their own jobs. For that reason I don't have a problem, and competition is nice when you have a stronger competitor. "This doesn't mean tomorrow morning we will give our engines to Red Bull or Toro Rosso. "But I don't see any kind of problem to give our engine to any other team or be scared of the competition before they start. "This is not the right spirit of competition or what Ferrari represents. We fight with everybody."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.

Red Bull have said that their hopes of securing a Mercedes engine supply in 2016 are now over.


###
Article: Almost one million people visited the city during the six-week festival period over Christmas and Hogmanay. Organisers said almost 890,000 people visited the Edinburgh's Christmas events in 2014/15, contributing £199.5m to the local economy. The three-day Hogmanay celebrations attracted more than 150,000 people, creating an economic impact of £41.8m. Charlie Wood, Edinburgh's Christmas festival director, said: "This is great news for Edinburgh. The revenue generated does not go to the events themselves, the event organisers or to Edinburgh city council. "This is money, which is going to the businesses of Edinburgh, be it retail, accommodation, food, drink, shopping and entertainment."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Edinburgh's winter festivals generated more than £241m for the city, according to organisers.

###
Article: The 25-year-old, from North Ormesby, was shaping metal when a part from the press fell on his foot on 17 March. Teesside Magistrates' Court heard that SM Thompson Limited, of Middlesbrough, had allowed dangerous lifting practices to go unchecked over 10 years. The firm admitted a Health and Safety Executive (HSE) breach and was fined Â£7,500. It must also pay Â£1,120 costs. The hearing heard how the worker had to have the big toe on his left foot amputated and two other toes removed. He was in hospital for seven days but has since returned to work, the hearing heard. HSE inspector Paul Wilson said: "This worker's injuries need not have happened. "The failure of SM Thompson to look properly at the risks involved and then organise the lifting operation properly put staff at needless risk. "This sadly led to the painful and life-changing injuries suffered by this young man."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A Teesside steel firm has been fined after a worker was crushed by a press and had to have three toes amputated.

###
Article: The colourful phenomenon was visible in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but was also spotted as far south as Anglesey in Wales and Staffordshire in England. Aurora Borealis occurs when electrically-charged particles from the sun enter the earth's atmosphere. Many people took to social media to share photographs of the dramatic show. Forecasters had predicted a solar storm and good conditions for Aurora Borealis, and sightings of green, pink, purple, red and yellow lights were reported for several hours from about 20:00 GMT. Gavin Chambers, an RSPB warden, tweeted pictures of vivid green in the sky over Lake Vyrnwy in Powys, Wales, saying: "Well worth getting back out of bed for!!" Donna Butcher tweeted: "Just been watching an amazing display of Aurora from Staveley, Cumbria. Shafts of light streaming directly towards Polaris." You can email your pictures and video to yourpics@bbc.co.uk, and find out more about the Northern Lights here.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
There have been spectacular displays of the Aurora Borealis - better known as the Northern Lights - across parts of the UK overnight.

###
Article: The astronomer, who presented The Sky At Night for over 50 years, died at his home in Selsey, West Sussex, in December 2012. The monocle will be auctioned later at Christie's, in London. The xylophone - which he used during a Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen - is to be sold at Henry Adams Auctioneers in Chichester. Sir Patrick presented the first edition of The Sky at Night on 24 April 1957. He became famous for his habit of wearing a monocle on screen, as well as his dishevelled and idiosyncratic persona. However, he was a celebrated and gifted astronomer and wrote dozens of books, with his research being used by the US and the Soviet Union in their space programmes. The monocle has a reserve price of £500 - £800 and the xylophone £1,500 - £2,000.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Sir Patrick Moore's famous monocle and his xylophone are due to be sold at two separate auctions.

###
Article: Two-year-old Sophia set out across her family's property south-east of Melbourne at around 7:30pm on Tuesday. The dog, a one-year-old Australian sheepdog named Poppy, went with her. Police confirmed that Poppy's barking alerted rescuers to the whereabouts of the pair after a seven-hour search. Rescuers found Sophia and Poppy 200m from a dam on the family's property. The Australian Broadcasting Corp. quoted Sophia's grandmother, Vera Cook, who credited the dog with saving the toddler's life. She said that Sophia was wearing just a nappy and T-shirt when she wandered off. "The only thing I was thinking was well, hopefully the dog would have kept her warm," Ms Cook was quoted as saying. "If [the dog] wasn't with her, I don't know whether they would have found her." The family issued a statement thanking emergency services and promising that Poppy would be "well fed this evening".

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A pet dog is being credited with keeping a little girl safe after the pair wandered away from their family home and could not be found for hours.

###
Article: The Carnival Triumph docked in Mobile, Alabama, at 21:15 (03:15 GMT Friday). Disembarking the passengers took more than four hours and many still faced a long bus journey to New Orleans or to the port of departure, Galveston. Passengers had reported sewage on the floors, poor sanitation and lack of access to toilets. Some lined the decks as the 900ft (275m) ship docked, waving and cheering at people on shore. Chants of "Let me off, let me off!" could be heard coming from the ship as they waited to disembark. One homemade sign read: "Sweet Home Alabama!" and another: "The ship's afloat, so is the sewage." Disembarking passenger Brittany Ferguson said: "I'm feeling awesome just to see land and buildings. The scariest part was just not knowing when we'd get back." Carnival Corp, which operates the ship, was also the owner of Costa Concordia, the cruise ship that ran aground off the Italian coast and sank last year, killing 32 people. On Thursday, tugboats began pulling the vessel to a shipyard for repairs. The Carnival Triumph took six hours to be towed through the 30 mile (50km) channel to Mobile - the largest ship ever to dock there. One passenger, Clark Jones, told the BBC the last day was "especially nightmarish because we knew we were so close to land and getting off". The passengers were taken by bus either to Galveston in Texas, which is about seven hours away, or to New Orleans, where the firm said it had booked 1,500 hotel rooms. New Orleans is two hours away. One bus broke down as it carried passengers to New Orleans, local media reported. Carnival chief executive Gerry Cahill apologised again for the "very poor" conditions on board. "We pride ourselves on providing our guests with a great vacation experience, and clearly we failed in this particular case," he said. Hospitality staff will be sent on early holiday with full pay or transferred to other ships, depending on the length remaining in their contracts, senior vice-president Terry Thornton said. Passenger Janie Baker told NBC by phone on Thursday that conditions on the ship were "extremely terrible''. There was no electricity and few working toilets, she said. Ms Baker described using plastic bags to go to the toilet and that she had seen a woman pass out while waiting for food. The stench from overflowing toilets and drainpipes made some cabins uninhabitable and many people slept in corridors, while others took bedding out into the open to escape the heat and foul smell. Passengers will be offered a full refund and discounts on any future cruises. Carnival announced on Wednesday passengers would each get an additional $500 (Â£322) in compensation. But the firm has disputed the accounts describing the ship as filthy, saying employees were doing everything they could to ensure people were comfortable. Carnival has cancelled more than a dozen planned voyages aboard the Triumph, while acknowledging that the crippled ship had other mechanical problems in the weeks before the fire.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.

All 3,200 passengers have now disembarked from a crippled cruise ship that reached the US coast five days after an engine fire knocked out power.


###
Article: Almost one million people visited the city during the six-week festival period over Christmas and Hogmanay. Organisers said almost 890,000 people visited the Edinburgh's Christmas events in 2014/15, contributing £199.5m to the local economy. The three-day Hogmanay celebrations attracted more than 150,000 people, creating an economic impact of £41.8m. Charlie Wood, Edinburgh's Christmas festival director, said: "This is great news for Edinburgh. The revenue generated does not go to the events themselves, the event organisers or to Edinburgh city council. "This is money, which is going to the businesses of Edinburgh, be it retail, accommodation, food, drink, shopping and entertainment."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Edinburgh's winter festivals generated more than £241m for the city, according to organisers.

###
Article: The 25-year-old, from North Ormesby, was shaping metal when a part from the press fell on his foot on 17 March. Teesside Magistrates' Court heard that SM Thompson Limited, of Middlesbrough, had allowed dangerous lifting practices to go unchecked over 10 years. The firm admitted a Health and Safety Executive (HSE) breach and was fined Â£7,500. It must also pay Â£1,120 costs. The hearing heard how the worker had to have the big toe on his left foot amputated and two other toes removed. He was in hospital for seven days but has since returned to work, the hearing heard. HSE inspector Paul Wilson said: "This worker's injuries need not have happened. "The failure of SM Thompson to look properly at the risks involved and then organise the lifting operation properly put staff at needless risk. "This sadly led to the painful and life-changing injuries suffered by this young man."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A Teesside steel firm has been fined after a worker was crushed by a press and had to have three toes amputated.

###
Article: The colourful phenomenon was visible in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but was also spotted as far south as Anglesey in Wales and Staffordshire in England. Aurora Borealis occurs when electrically-charged particles from the sun enter the earth's atmosphere. Many people took to social media to share photographs of the dramatic show. Forecasters had predicted a solar storm and good conditions for Aurora Borealis, and sightings of green, pink, purple, red and yellow lights were reported for several hours from about 20:00 GMT. Gavin Chambers, an RSPB warden, tweeted pictures of vivid green in the sky over Lake Vyrnwy in Powys, Wales, saying: "Well worth getting back out of bed for!!" Donna Butcher tweeted: "Just been watching an amazing display of Aurora from Staveley, Cumbria. Shafts of light streaming directly towards Polaris." You can email your pictures and video to yourpics@bbc.co.uk, and find out more about the Northern Lights here.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
There have been spectacular displays of the Aurora Borealis - better known as the Northern Lights - across parts of the UK overnight.

###
Article: The astronomer, who presented The Sky At Night for over 50 years, died at his home in Selsey, West Sussex, in December 2012. The monocle will be auctioned later at Christie's, in London. The xylophone - which he used during a Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen - is to be sold at Henry Adams Auctioneers in Chichester. Sir Patrick presented the first edition of The Sky at Night on 24 April 1957. He became famous for his habit of wearing a monocle on screen, as well as his dishevelled and idiosyncratic persona. However, he was a celebrated and gifted astronomer and wrote dozens of books, with his research being used by the US and the Soviet Union in their space programmes. The monocle has a reserve price of £500 - £800 and the xylophone £1,500 - £2,000.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Sir Patrick Moore's famous monocle and his xylophone are due to be sold at two separate auctions.

###
Article: Two-year-old Sophia set out across her family's property south-east of Melbourne at around 7:30pm on Tuesday. The dog, a one-year-old Australian sheepdog named Poppy, went with her. Police confirmed that Poppy's barking alerted rescuers to the whereabouts of the pair after a seven-hour search. Rescuers found Sophia and Poppy 200m from a dam on the family's property. The Australian Broadcasting Corp. quoted Sophia's grandmother, Vera Cook, who credited the dog with saving the toddler's life. She said that Sophia was wearing just a nappy and T-shirt when she wandered off. "The only thing I was thinking was well, hopefully the dog would have kept her warm," Ms Cook was quoted as saying. "If [the dog] wasn't with her, I don't know whether they would have found her." The family issued a statement thanking emergency services and promising that Poppy would be "well fed this evening".

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A pet dog is being credited with keeping a little girl safe after the pair wandered away from their family home and could not be found for hours.

###
Article: England scrum-half Danny Care claimed a hat-trick, while loose forward Luke Wallace crossed twice as Quins booked a home semi-final against Grenoble. But Quins were given a real scare, not reclaiming the lead until late on. Irish ran in three tries through winger Fergus Mulchrone, scrum-half Brendan McKibbin and centre Sean Maitland. And the visitors put in a spirited display that bodes well for next weekend's 11th v 12th relegation battle at Newcastle. Irish and Quins are due to meet again at the Madejski Stadium on Sunday 1 May, on the penultimate weekend of the season. But the Exiles first face an even more crucial test next weekend in that crunch meeting with the Falcons on the artificial pitch at Kingston Park. Grenoble reached the last four with a 33-32 win over Connaght, while Montpellier, who beat Sale on Friday night, will play Newport Gwent Dragons, who put out holders Gloucester, in the other semi. Harlequins v Grenoble (The Stoop) Montpellier v Newport Gwent Dragons (Altrad Stadium) Matches to be played on 22/23/24 April Harlequins director of rugby Conor O'Shea: "We'll take the result. We're in a semi-final. We're the only English side left in the competition. We scored 20 unanswered points to come back from 30-18 down. "We were pretty inconsistent and that's the lesson we have to learn. We were up against a proud set of players and they weren't going to roll over "They had the freedom to play and we probably had that little bit of weight of expectation. It was up and down, but we scored some decisive points when the pressure was on." London Irish assistant coach Clark Laidlaw told BBC Radio Berkshire: "We're really proud of the way the players performed. It was always going to be a tough task coming here. Harlequins are a pretty strong side who've been playing well throughout the year. "We got our noses in front and, if we could have held in there a little bit longer when we were two scores up, it could have been a different night. "But, we're hugely proud of the way the boys played and we're really hoping they can play with that freedom in the weeks to come before the end of the season." Harlequins: Brown; Yarde, Lowe, Roberts, Visser; Botica, Care (capt); Lambert, Gray, A Jones, Merrick, Twomey, Robshaw, Wallace, Clifford. Replacements: Ward, O Evans, Sinckler, Matthews, Luamanu, Dickson, Marchant, Chisholm. London Irish: Fenby; Maitland, Mulchrone, Brophy-Clews, Fowlie; Geraghty, McKibbin; Smallbone, Paice (capt), Halavatau, Lloyd, Sinclair, Guest, Trayfoot, McCusker. Replacements: Cruse, Court, Palframan, Curry, Sisi, Ellis, Allinson, Steele. Referee: Marius Mitrea (Italy).

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.

Harlequins ran in five tries as they came from behind to beat London Irish in the European Challenge Cup quarter-final on home soil at The Stoop.


###
Article: Almost one million people visited the city during the six-week festival period over Christmas and Hogmanay. Organisers said almost 890,000 people visited the Edinburgh's Christmas events in 2014/15, contributing £199.5m to the local economy. The three-day Hogmanay celebrations attracted more than 150,000 people, creating an economic impact of £41.8m. Charlie Wood, Edinburgh's Christmas festival director, said: "This is great news for Edinburgh. The revenue generated does not go to the events themselves, the event organisers or to Edinburgh city council. "This is money, which is going to the businesses of Edinburgh, be it retail, accommodation, food, drink, shopping and entertainment."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Edinburgh's winter festivals generated more than £241m for the city, according to organisers.

###
Article: The 25-year-old, from North Ormesby, was shaping metal when a part from the press fell on his foot on 17 March. Teesside Magistrates' Court heard that SM Thompson Limited, of Middlesbrough, had allowed dangerous lifting practices to go unchecked over 10 years. The firm admitted a Health and Safety Executive (HSE) breach and was fined Â£7,500. It must also pay Â£1,120 costs. The hearing heard how the worker had to have the big toe on his left foot amputated and two other toes removed. He was in hospital for seven days but has since returned to work, the hearing heard. HSE inspector Paul Wilson said: "This worker's injuries need not have happened. "The failure of SM Thompson to look properly at the risks involved and then organise the lifting operation properly put staff at needless risk. "This sadly led to the painful and life-changing injuries suffered by this young man."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A Teesside steel firm has been fined after a worker was crushed by a press and had to have three toes amputated.

###
Article: The colourful phenomenon was visible in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but was also spotted as far south as Anglesey in Wales and Staffordshire in England. Aurora Borealis occurs when electrically-charged particles from the sun enter the earth's atmosphere. Many people took to social media to share photographs of the dramatic show. Forecasters had predicted a solar storm and good conditions for Aurora Borealis, and sightings of green, pink, purple, red and yellow lights were reported for several hours from about 20:00 GMT. Gavin Chambers, an RSPB warden, tweeted pictures of vivid green in the sky over Lake Vyrnwy in Powys, Wales, saying: "Well worth getting back out of bed for!!" Donna Butcher tweeted: "Just been watching an amazing display of Aurora from Staveley, Cumbria. Shafts of light streaming directly towards Polaris." You can email your pictures and video to yourpics@bbc.co.uk, and find out more about the Northern Lights here.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
There have been spectacular displays of the Aurora Borealis - better known as the Northern Lights - across parts of the UK overnight.

###
Article: The astronomer, who presented The Sky At Night for over 50 years, died at his home in Selsey, West Sussex, in December 2012. The monocle will be auctioned later at Christie's, in London. The xylophone - which he used during a Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen - is to be sold at Henry Adams Auctioneers in Chichester. Sir Patrick presented the first edition of The Sky at Night on 24 April 1957. He became famous for his habit of wearing a monocle on screen, as well as his dishevelled and idiosyncratic persona. However, he was a celebrated and gifted astronomer and wrote dozens of books, with his research being used by the US and the Soviet Union in their space programmes. The monocle has a reserve price of £500 - £800 and the xylophone £1,500 - £2,000.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Sir Patrick Moore's famous monocle and his xylophone are due to be sold at two separate auctions.

###
Article: Two-year-old Sophia set out across her family's property south-east of Melbourne at around 7:30pm on Tuesday. The dog, a one-year-old Australian sheepdog named Poppy, went with her. Police confirmed that Poppy's barking alerted rescuers to the whereabouts of the pair after a seven-hour search. Rescuers found Sophia and Poppy 200m from a dam on the family's property. The Australian Broadcasting Corp. quoted Sophia's grandmother, Vera Cook, who credited the dog with saving the toddler's life. She said that Sophia was wearing just a nappy and T-shirt when she wandered off. "The only thing I was thinking was well, hopefully the dog would have kept her warm," Ms Cook was quoted as saying. "If [the dog] wasn't with her, I don't know whether they would have found her." The family issued a statement thanking emergency services and promising that Poppy would be "well fed this evening".

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A pet dog is being credited with keeping a little girl safe after the pair wandered away from their family home and could not be found for hours.

###
Article: The "call for sites" forms part of the second stage of a comprehensive review of the island's planning strategy. The department has stressed that no guarantees will be given as to where development can take place, but it wants to assess the potential. Islanders have until 17:00 BST on 13 September to submit applications. The information will help form the Strategic Land Use Plan. Two main areas have already been deemed suitable for development in Guernsey. These are St Peter Port and St Sampson/Vale, which have already been extensively developed. There are 10 further areas which are under consideration as "local centres", where development will be encouraged in order to provide housing and employment opportunities. Only submissions relating to these areas will be considered. Details of successful and unsuccessful submissions will be published in the final review, meaning there will be no confidentiality other than in respect of contact details. Information about the consultation and the submission form required have been made available on the department's section of the States website.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.

Guernsey's Environment Department has invited islanders to identify the parcels of land that could be suitable for development.


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Article: Almost one million people visited the city during the six-week festival period over Christmas and Hogmanay. Organisers said almost 890,000 people visited the Edinburgh's Christmas events in 2014/15, contributing £199.5m to the local economy. The three-day Hogmanay celebrations attracted more than 150,000 people, creating an economic impact of £41.8m. Charlie Wood, Edinburgh's Christmas festival director, said: "This is great news for Edinburgh. The revenue generated does not go to the events themselves, the event organisers or to Edinburgh city council. "This is money, which is going to the businesses of Edinburgh, be it retail, accommodation, food, drink, shopping and entertainment."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Edinburgh's winter festivals generated more than £241m for the city, according to organisers.

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Article: The 25-year-old, from North Ormesby, was shaping metal when a part from the press fell on his foot on 17 March. Teesside Magistrates' Court heard that SM Thompson Limited, of Middlesbrough, had allowed dangerous lifting practices to go unchecked over 10 years. The firm admitted a Health and Safety Executive (HSE) breach and was fined Â£7,500. It must also pay Â£1,120 costs. The hearing heard how the worker had to have the big toe on his left foot amputated and two other toes removed. He was in hospital for seven days but has since returned to work, the hearing heard. HSE inspector Paul Wilson said: "This worker's injuries need not have happened. "The failure of SM Thompson to look properly at the risks involved and then organise the lifting operation properly put staff at needless risk. "This sadly led to the painful and life-changing injuries suffered by this young man."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A Teesside steel firm has been fined after a worker was crushed by a press and had to have three toes amputated.

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Article: The colourful phenomenon was visible in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but was also spotted as far south as Anglesey in Wales and Staffordshire in England. Aurora Borealis occurs when electrically-charged particles from the sun enter the earth's atmosphere. Many people took to social media to share photographs of the dramatic show. Forecasters had predicted a solar storm and good conditions for Aurora Borealis, and sightings of green, pink, purple, red and yellow lights were reported for several hours from about 20:00 GMT. Gavin Chambers, an RSPB warden, tweeted pictures of vivid green in the sky over Lake Vyrnwy in Powys, Wales, saying: "Well worth getting back out of bed for!!" Donna Butcher tweeted: "Just been watching an amazing display of Aurora from Staveley, Cumbria. Shafts of light streaming directly towards Polaris." You can email your pictures and video to yourpics@bbc.co.uk, and find out more about the Northern Lights here.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
There have been spectacular displays of the Aurora Borealis - better known as the Northern Lights - across parts of the UK overnight.

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Article: The astronomer, who presented The Sky At Night for over 50 years, died at his home in Selsey, West Sussex, in December 2012. The monocle will be auctioned later at Christie's, in London. The xylophone - which he used during a Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen - is to be sold at Henry Adams Auctioneers in Chichester. Sir Patrick presented the first edition of The Sky at Night on 24 April 1957. He became famous for his habit of wearing a monocle on screen, as well as his dishevelled and idiosyncratic persona. However, he was a celebrated and gifted astronomer and wrote dozens of books, with his research being used by the US and the Soviet Union in their space programmes. The monocle has a reserve price of £500 - £800 and the xylophone £1,500 - £2,000.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Sir Patrick Moore's famous monocle and his xylophone are due to be sold at two separate auctions.

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Article: Two-year-old Sophia set out across her family's property south-east of Melbourne at around 7:30pm on Tuesday. The dog, a one-year-old Australian sheepdog named Poppy, went with her. Police confirmed that Poppy's barking alerted rescuers to the whereabouts of the pair after a seven-hour search. Rescuers found Sophia and Poppy 200m from a dam on the family's property. The Australian Broadcasting Corp. quoted Sophia's grandmother, Vera Cook, who credited the dog with saving the toddler's life. She said that Sophia was wearing just a nappy and T-shirt when she wandered off. "The only thing I was thinking was well, hopefully the dog would have kept her warm," Ms Cook was quoted as saying. "If [the dog] wasn't with her, I don't know whether they would have found her." The family issued a statement thanking emergency services and promising that Poppy would be "well fed this evening".

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A pet dog is being credited with keeping a little girl safe after the pair wandered away from their family home and could not be found for hours.

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Article: The Highland village's Ruthven Road is mentioned in a line in the film delivered by Janet de Vigne, from Edinburgh. De Vigne's appearance at the screening will mark the launch of new weekly film nights in Kingussie. The village does not have a cinema, but will hold the events in a local hotel. Holding weekly film nights was suggested during an annual festival celebrating movies. Organiser Iona Malcolm said: "This was all born at the Kingussie Food on Film Festival when a survey was carried out into interest in a film night in Kingussie. "The reaction was very, very positive." Directed by Danny Boyle, Slumdog Millionaire won eight Oscars in 2009.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.

An actress who appeared in the Oscar-winning film Slumdog Millionaire is to attend a special screening of the movie in Kingussie later.


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Article: Almost one million people visited the city during the six-week festival period over Christmas and Hogmanay. Organisers said almost 890,000 people visited the Edinburgh's Christmas events in 2014/15, contributing £199.5m to the local economy. The three-day Hogmanay celebrations attracted more than 150,000 people, creating an economic impact of £41.8m. Charlie Wood, Edinburgh's Christmas festival director, said: "This is great news for Edinburgh. The revenue generated does not go to the events themselves, the event organisers or to Edinburgh city council. "This is money, which is going to the businesses of Edinburgh, be it retail, accommodation, food, drink, shopping and entertainment."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Edinburgh's winter festivals generated more than £241m for the city, according to organisers.

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Article: The 25-year-old, from North Ormesby, was shaping metal when a part from the press fell on his foot on 17 March. Teesside Magistrates' Court heard that SM Thompson Limited, of Middlesbrough, had allowed dangerous lifting practices to go unchecked over 10 years. The firm admitted a Health and Safety Executive (HSE) breach and was fined Â£7,500. It must also pay Â£1,120 costs. The hearing heard how the worker had to have the big toe on his left foot amputated and two other toes removed. He was in hospital for seven days but has since returned to work, the hearing heard. HSE inspector Paul Wilson said: "This worker's injuries need not have happened. "The failure of SM Thompson to look properly at the risks involved and then organise the lifting operation properly put staff at needless risk. "This sadly led to the painful and life-changing injuries suffered by this young man."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A Teesside steel firm has been fined after a worker was crushed by a press and had to have three toes amputated.

###
Article: The colourful phenomenon was visible in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but was also spotted as far south as Anglesey in Wales and Staffordshire in England. Aurora Borealis occurs when electrically-charged particles from the sun enter the earth's atmosphere. Many people took to social media to share photographs of the dramatic show. Forecasters had predicted a solar storm and good conditions for Aurora Borealis, and sightings of green, pink, purple, red and yellow lights were reported for several hours from about 20:00 GMT. Gavin Chambers, an RSPB warden, tweeted pictures of vivid green in the sky over Lake Vyrnwy in Powys, Wales, saying: "Well worth getting back out of bed for!!" Donna Butcher tweeted: "Just been watching an amazing display of Aurora from Staveley, Cumbria. Shafts of light streaming directly towards Polaris." You can email your pictures and video to yourpics@bbc.co.uk, and find out more about the Northern Lights here.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
There have been spectacular displays of the Aurora Borealis - better known as the Northern Lights - across parts of the UK overnight.

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Article: The astronomer, who presented The Sky At Night for over 50 years, died at his home in Selsey, West Sussex, in December 2012. The monocle will be auctioned later at Christie's, in London. The xylophone - which he used during a Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen - is to be sold at Henry Adams Auctioneers in Chichester. Sir Patrick presented the first edition of The Sky at Night on 24 April 1957. He became famous for his habit of wearing a monocle on screen, as well as his dishevelled and idiosyncratic persona. However, he was a celebrated and gifted astronomer and wrote dozens of books, with his research being used by the US and the Soviet Union in their space programmes. The monocle has a reserve price of £500 - £800 and the xylophone £1,500 - £2,000.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Sir Patrick Moore's famous monocle and his xylophone are due to be sold at two separate auctions.

###
Article: Two-year-old Sophia set out across her family's property south-east of Melbourne at around 7:30pm on Tuesday. The dog, a one-year-old Australian sheepdog named Poppy, went with her. Police confirmed that Poppy's barking alerted rescuers to the whereabouts of the pair after a seven-hour search. Rescuers found Sophia and Poppy 200m from a dam on the family's property. The Australian Broadcasting Corp. quoted Sophia's grandmother, Vera Cook, who credited the dog with saving the toddler's life. She said that Sophia was wearing just a nappy and T-shirt when she wandered off. "The only thing I was thinking was well, hopefully the dog would have kept her warm," Ms Cook was quoted as saying. "If [the dog] wasn't with her, I don't know whether they would have found her." The family issued a statement thanking emergency services and promising that Poppy would be "well fed this evening".

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A pet dog is being credited with keeping a little girl safe after the pair wandered away from their family home and could not be found for hours.

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Article: Division One leaders Middlesex, who were bowled out for 381 at Taunton to lead by 145, looked in charge when they reduced Somerset to 59-3 and 126-4. But Trescothick, who made 124, and Trego, still there on 115, shared 181 to leave the contest in the balance. Somerset closed on 348-6, an advantage of 203 runs. On a surface that has become easier for batting as the game has progressed, the outcome seems likely to rest on the length of time Trego spends at the crease on the final day. Somerset would perhaps want to post a target in excess of 250, while anything less would probably leave Middlesex as favourites. That the home side, who at one stage looked set to be defeated inside three days, are still in with a shout is down entirely to Trescothick and Trego. Opener Trescothick had seen Johann Myburgh bowled offering no shot to Harry Podmore and captain Chris Rogers shovel the same bowler to point for a duck. After James Hildreth was caught at slip from the off-spin of Ollie Rayner, Trescothick found some support from James Allenby, but when he mistimed a pull to mid-on, Somerset were still 19 behind. But Trescothick, playing characteristically powerful cover drives, and Trego, who capitalised as the Middlesex bowlers often dropped short, compiled their huge fifth-wicket stand to drag the hosts back into it. Trescothick's 48th Somerset hundred took him past Sir Viv Richards to second on the all-time list, while Trego completed his 14th first-class ton. Only when James Harris found some late energy did he have both Trescothick and Craig Overton caught behind, leaving Alex Barrow to accompany Trego to the close. Harris was earlier the last Middlesex wicket to fall, caught at slip off Tim Groenewald for 78, missing a maiden first-class hundred, just like James Fuller, who fell to the same combination for 93.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.

Marcus Trescothick and Peter Trego both made centuries to drag Somerset back into contention with Middlesex on day three of the County Championship match.


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Article: Almost one million people visited the city during the six-week festival period over Christmas and Hogmanay. Organisers said almost 890,000 people visited the Edinburgh's Christmas events in 2014/15, contributing £199.5m to the local economy. The three-day Hogmanay celebrations attracted more than 150,000 people, creating an economic impact of £41.8m. Charlie Wood, Edinburgh's Christmas festival director, said: "This is great news for Edinburgh. The revenue generated does not go to the events themselves, the event organisers or to Edinburgh city council. "This is money, which is going to the businesses of Edinburgh, be it retail, accommodation, food, drink, shopping and entertainment."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Edinburgh's winter festivals generated more than £241m for the city, according to organisers.

###
Article: The 25-year-old, from North Ormesby, was shaping metal when a part from the press fell on his foot on 17 March. Teesside Magistrates' Court heard that SM Thompson Limited, of Middlesbrough, had allowed dangerous lifting practices to go unchecked over 10 years. The firm admitted a Health and Safety Executive (HSE) breach and was fined Â£7,500. It must also pay Â£1,120 costs. The hearing heard how the worker had to have the big toe on his left foot amputated and two other toes removed. He was in hospital for seven days but has since returned to work, the hearing heard. HSE inspector Paul Wilson said: "This worker's injuries need not have happened. "The failure of SM Thompson to look properly at the risks involved and then organise the lifting operation properly put staff at needless risk. "This sadly led to the painful and life-changing injuries suffered by this young man."

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A Teesside steel firm has been fined after a worker was crushed by a press and had to have three toes amputated.

###
Article: The colourful phenomenon was visible in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but was also spotted as far south as Anglesey in Wales and Staffordshire in England. Aurora Borealis occurs when electrically-charged particles from the sun enter the earth's atmosphere. Many people took to social media to share photographs of the dramatic show. Forecasters had predicted a solar storm and good conditions for Aurora Borealis, and sightings of green, pink, purple, red and yellow lights were reported for several hours from about 20:00 GMT. Gavin Chambers, an RSPB warden, tweeted pictures of vivid green in the sky over Lake Vyrnwy in Powys, Wales, saying: "Well worth getting back out of bed for!!" Donna Butcher tweeted: "Just been watching an amazing display of Aurora from Staveley, Cumbria. Shafts of light streaming directly towards Polaris." You can email your pictures and video to yourpics@bbc.co.uk, and find out more about the Northern Lights here.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
There have been spectacular displays of the Aurora Borealis - better known as the Northern Lights - across parts of the UK overnight.

###
Article: The astronomer, who presented The Sky At Night for over 50 years, died at his home in Selsey, West Sussex, in December 2012. The monocle will be auctioned later at Christie's, in London. The xylophone - which he used during a Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen - is to be sold at Henry Adams Auctioneers in Chichester. Sir Patrick presented the first edition of The Sky at Night on 24 April 1957. He became famous for his habit of wearing a monocle on screen, as well as his dishevelled and idiosyncratic persona. However, he was a celebrated and gifted astronomer and wrote dozens of books, with his research being used by the US and the Soviet Union in their space programmes. The monocle has a reserve price of £500 - £800 and the xylophone £1,500 - £2,000.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
Sir Patrick Moore's famous monocle and his xylophone are due to be sold at two separate auctions.

###
Article: Two-year-old Sophia set out across her family's property south-east of Melbourne at around 7:30pm on Tuesday. The dog, a one-year-old Australian sheepdog named Poppy, went with her. Police confirmed that Poppy's barking alerted rescuers to the whereabouts of the pair after a seven-hour search. Rescuers found Sophia and Poppy 200m from a dam on the family's property. The Australian Broadcasting Corp. quoted Sophia's grandmother, Vera Cook, who credited the dog with saving the toddler's life. She said that Sophia was wearing just a nappy and T-shirt when she wandered off. "The only thing I was thinking was well, hopefully the dog would have kept her warm," Ms Cook was quoted as saying. "If [the dog] wasn't with her, I don't know whether they would have found her." The family issued a statement thanking emergency services and promising that Poppy would be "well fed this evening".

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.
A pet dog is being credited with keeping a little girl safe after the pair wandered away from their family home and could not be found for hours.

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Article: The report, revealed in The Guardian, was ordered by the government after claims some Muslim groups were trying to take control in some schools. The Department for Education has said it will not comment on the leaks. Birmingham council has released its own report, disagreeing with Mr Clarke. We must acknowledge today that Ian Kershaw's report shows we have serious governance issues in a small number of schools in east Birmingham because of serious malpractice by members of governing bodies. This has been compounded by the inability of head teachers and other governors to counter this behaviour and by the failure of the city council to intervene to instil proper governance. Council response in full Trojan Horse 'plot' schools timeline Reaction to 'Trojan Horse' reports The government's report was compiled by retired senior police officer Peter Clarke, the former head of the Met Police's counter-terrorism unit. It is due to be published next week. It says he found evidence of "sustained and co-ordinated agenda to impose upon children in a number of Birmingham schools the segregationist attitudes and practices of a hardline and politicised strain of Sunni Islam". He also found evidence of a "co-ordinated, deliberate and sustained action to introduce an intolerant and aggressive Islamist ethos into some schools in the city". The agenda would have confined "schoolchildren within an intolerant, inward-looking monoculture that would severely inhibit their participation in the life of modern Britain," the leaked report says. A spokesman for the DfE said: "The allegations made in relation to some schools in Birmingham are very serious and we are investigating all evidence put to us in conjunction with Ofsted and Birmingham City Council." Russell Hobby, general secretary of the National Association of Head Teachers, said his union was disturbed by the Clarke review findings but not surprised. They reflected concerns raised in May about improper governance and staffing and "a narrowing of entitlement for children", he said. "We do not need an over-reaction. This is not a criticism of the Islamic faith, but of a narrow current within it," he said. Birmingham's report, compiled by former head teacher Ian Kershaw, differed in its conclusions. It said there was "no evidence of a conspiracy to promote an anti-British agenda, violent extremism or radicalisation in schools" in the east of the city. Mr Kershaw did find "key individuals" promoting Islamic principles in schools and "noted a pattern of these individuals moving between schools". He did not conclude whether the original "Trojan Horse" letter was a hoax, as has been claimed. An unhelpful epitaph for Gove'Islam plot': Will we ever learn the truth? But he found evidence that the "five steps" outlined in the original letter as a means of destabilising school leadership were "present in a large number of the schools considered part of the investigation". His report said evidence pointed to a group of "British male governors and teachers, predominantly of Pakistani heritage", which have formed in order to address perceived failings in some schools. Mr Kershaw said the tactics employed by these groups were often "improper" and there was a "pattern" to their behaviour but it stopped short of a widespread plot. He said their motivation seemed to be an attempt to "raise standards" based on a "genuine and understandable desire...to improve education and opportunities for Muslim pupils. "The evidence is not sufficient to lead me to construe the behaviour to be a co-ordinated plan to improperly influence the direction or management of schools serving students of predominantly Islamic faith or background," he said. Mr Kershaw also says Birmingham City Council was "slow to respond" to allegations in the letter and accused education chiefs in the city of "poor oversight". He identifies a "culture within [the council] of not wanting to address difficult issues and problems with school governance" for risk of bringing accusations of racism or Islamophobia. Speaking at a press conference earlier, Council leader Sir Albert Bore admitted the council failed to act for fear of being seen as racist or Islamophobic. Last month, Ofsted and the Education Funding Agency published their reports and five schools were placed in special measures as a result. The schools involved have always denied any wrongdoing. On Tuesday, the board of trustees resigned at Park View Education Trust, which has been at the centre of claims, stating they had been the victims of a "co-ordinated and vicious" attack. The trust has been the focus of allegations made in the anonymous Trojan Horse letter alleging the existence of a clique of hardline Muslims attempting to seize control of Birmingham schools.  The origin of the letter and the intentions behind it have never been determined.

Summarize the above article in 1 sentence.

A leaked report into the so-called "Trojan Horse" plot has found evidence there was an agenda to introduce "an intolerant and aggressive Islamist ethos" into some Birmingham schools.