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@@ -2,18 +2,44 @@
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<em>i.emissivity</em> calculates the emissivity in the longwave radiation
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spectrum, according to the semi-empirical equation related to NDVI by
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-Caselles and Colles (1997), valid in the NDVI range of 0.16 to 0.74.
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+Caselles et al. (1997), valid in the NDVI range of 0.16 to 0.74 (Bastiaanssen, 1995).
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<p>
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-Estimation in the 8-14 micrometers range for sparse canopy...
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-<!-- TODO: incomplete phrase! -->
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+Caselles et al. (1997) give reference (in Table 3 and Figure 2) to both
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+the NDVI range used (0.15 - 0.71) and the corresponding emissivity range
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+used (0.97 - 0.99).
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+<p>
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+The emissivity is the efficiency of longwave energy returning to the
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+atmosphere from the skin surface. The skin surface receives heat from
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+the thermal infrared radiation of the Sun, through atmospheric interaction.
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+A part is returned to the atmosphere fastly, and another part is kept in
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+the surface skin to be returned later. In more scientific terms, the
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+grey body radiation is equal to the black body radiation times the emissivity.
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<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
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<em>
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-<a href="i.eb.netrad.html">i.eb.netrad</a><br>
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+<a href="i.eb.netrad.html">i.eb.netrad</a>
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</em>
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-<h2>AUTHORS</h2>
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+<h2>REFERENCES</h2>
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+
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+<ul>
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+<li> Bastiaanssen, W.G.M., 1995.
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+ Estimation of Land surface parameters by remote sensing under clear-sky
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+ conditions. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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+ (<a href="http://edepot.wur.nl/206553">PDF</a>)</li>
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+<li> Caselles, V., C. Coll, and E. Valor, 1997.
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+ Land surface emissivity and temperature determination in the whole
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+ HAPEX-Sahel area from AVHRR data. International Journal of Remote
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+ Sensing 18(5):1009-1027.</li>
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+<li> Rubio, E., V. Caselles, and C. Badenas, 1997.
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+ Emissivity measurements of several soils and vegetation types in the
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+ 8-14 µm wave band: Analysis of two field methods. Remote Sensing of
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+ Environment 59(3): 490-521.
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+</ul>
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+
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+<h2>AUTHOR</h2>
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+
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Yann Chemin, GRASS Development Team<br>
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<p><i>Last changed: $Date$</i>
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