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@@ -1,76 +1,80 @@
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<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
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-The module <em>r3.out.netcdf</em> exports a 3D raster map as NetCDF file.
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+The module <em>r3.out.netcdf</em> exports a 3D raster map as netCDF file.
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Maps are valid 3D raster maps in the current mapset search path. The
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-<em>output</em> parameter is the name of a NetCDF file that will be
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+<em>output</em> parameter is the name of a netCDF file that will be
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written in the current working directory. The module is sensitive
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to mapset region settings (set with <em>g.region</em>) and the vertical unit settings
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of the 3D raster map. The vertical unit can be set with <a href="r3.support.html">r3.support</a>.
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<h2>Note</h2>
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-The resulting NetCDF file will have time as third dimension in case a temporal
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+The resulting netCDF file will have time as third dimension in case a temporal
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vertical unit is specified for the input map, otherwise the third dimension is assumed as spatial.
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If the 3D raster map has a time stamp with absolute time, the start time will be
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-used as starting point for the NetCDF time series. If the absolute time stamp is missing
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+used as starting point for the netCDF time series. If the absolute time stamp is missing
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the date "Jan. 01. 1900 00:00:00" will be used as default. In case of relative time stamp no start time
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-is set in the NetCDF file. The number of depths of the 3D raster map are the number of time slices
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-in the NetCDF file. You can use <em>t.rast.to.rast3</em> to convert a
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+is set in the netCDF file. The number of depths of the 3D raster map are the number of time slices
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+in the netCDF file. You can use <em>t.rast.to.rast3</em> to convert a
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space time raster dataset into a 3D raster map representing a space time voxel
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-cube, then export the raster time series as NetCDF file.
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+cube, then export the raster time series as netCDF file.
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<p>
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-Spatial coordinates are exported as cell centered coordinates. The projection is stored
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-in the metadata as <em>crs</em> attributes using a WKT parameter string.
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-The export of projection parameters is suppressed when the XY-projection is set.
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-The NetCDF projection metadata storage follows the spatial_ref GDAL/NetCDF suggestion
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+Spatial coordinates are exported as cell centered coordinates. The projection can be optionally stored
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+in the metadata as <em>crs</em> attributes .
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+The netCDF projection metadata storage follows the spatial_ref GDAL/netCDF suggestion
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<a href="http://www.gdal.org/frmt_netcdf.html">here</a>
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-and the NetCDF CF 1.6 convention
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+and the netCDF CF 1.6 convention
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<a href="http://cf-pcmdi.llnl.gov/documents/cf-conventions/1.6/cf-conventions.html#coordinate-system">here</a>
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using WKT projection information. Additional a PROJ.4 string is
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stored in the <em>crs</em> attribute section.
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+The export of projection parameters is suppressed when the XY-projection is set.
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+<p>
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+The range of the 3D raster map is set in the netCDF output file. Optionally a the netCDF missing value and
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+_FillValue can be set using the <em>null</em> option. As default the netCDF floating point _FillValues are used
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+to fill empty cell.
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<p>
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-The NetCDF library must be installed on the system and activated at configuration time to compile this module.
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+The netCDF library must be installed on the system and activated at configuration time to compile this module.
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<h2>Examples</h2>
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-<h3>Using lat/lon projection without vertical unit specification</h3>
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-
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-<p>Lets create a 3D raster map without the specification of a vertical unit</p>
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-
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<div class="code"><pre>
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-g.region s=-90 n=90 w=-180 e=180 b=0 t=50 res=10 res3=2 -p3
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-r3.mapcalc expr="volume_double = double(col() + row() + depth())"
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-r3.info
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+g.region s=-90 n=90 w=-180 e=180 b=0 t=5 res=10 res3=10 tbres=1 -p3
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+
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+#####################################################################
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+# We create a simple volume map with floating point values
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+#####################################################################
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+r3.mapcalc --o expr="volume_float = float(col() + row() + depth())"
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+r3.info volume_float
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+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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- | Layer: volume_double Date: Wed May 16 20:08:22 2012 |
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+ | Layer: volume_float Date: Thu Jun 14 08:40:56 2012 |
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| Mapset: PERMANENT Login of Creator: soeren |
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| Location: TestLL |
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| DataBase: /1/soeren/grassdata |
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- | Title: volume_double |
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+ | Title: volume_float |
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| Units: none |
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| Vertical unit: units |
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| Timestamp: none |
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|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| Type of Map: 3d cell Number of Categories: 0 |
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- | Data Type: DCELL |
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- | Rows: 90 |
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- | Columns: 180 |
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- | Depths: 25 |
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- | Total Cells: 405000 |
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- | Total size: 2835864 Bytes |
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- | Number of tiles: 108 |
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- | Mean tile size: 26258 Bytes |
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- | Tile size in memory: 32400 Bytes |
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- | Number of tiles in x, y and z: 6, 6, 3 |
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- | Dimension of a tile in x, y, z: 30, 15, 9 |
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+ | Data Type: FCELL |
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+ | Rows: 18 |
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+ | Columns: 36 |
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+ | Depths: 5 |
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+ | Total Cells: 3240 |
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+ | Total size: 10114 Bytes |
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+ | Number of tiles: 1 |
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+ | Mean tile size: 10114 Bytes |
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+ | Tile size in memory: 12960 Bytes |
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+ | Number of tiles in x, y and z: 1, 1, 1 |
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+ | Dimension of a tile in x, y, z: 36, 18, 5 |
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| Projection: Latitude-Longitude (zone 0) |
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- | N: 90N S: 90S Res: 2 |
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- | E: 180E W: 180W Res: 2 |
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- | T: 50 B: 0 Res: 2 |
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- | Range of data: min = 3 max = 295 |
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+ | N: 90N S: 90S Res: 10 |
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+ | E: 180E W: 180W Res: 10 |
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+ | T: 5 B: 0 Res: 1 |
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+ | Range of data: min = 3 max = 59 |
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| Data Source: |
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@@ -80,147 +84,171 @@ r3.info
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| generated by r3.mapcalc |
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| Comments: |
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- | r3.mapcalc expression="volume_double = double(col() + row() + depth(\ |
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- | ))" |
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+ | r3.mapcalc expression="volume_float = float(col() + row() + depth())" |
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+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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-</pre></div>
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-<p>Export the map and show the NetCDF header</P>
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-
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-<div class="code"><pre>
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-r3.out.netcdf input=volume_double output=test_double.nc
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-ncdump -h test_double.nc
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+#####################################################################
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+# We use the netCDF ncdump tool to have a look at the header
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+# and coordinates of the exported netCDF file
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+#####################################################################
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-netcdf test_double {
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+r3.out.netcdf --o input=volume_float output=test_float.nc
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+ncdump -c test_float.nc
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+
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+netcdf test_float {
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dimensions:
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- longitude = 180 ;
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- latitude = 90 ;
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- z = 25 ;
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+ longitude = 36 ;
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+ latitude = 18 ;
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+ z = 5 ;
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variables:
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- char crs ;
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- crs:crs_wkt = "GEOGCS[\"wgs84\",DATUM[\"WGS_1984\",SPHEROID[\"WGS_1984\",6378137,298.257223563]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0],UNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]]" ;
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- crs:spatial_ref = "GEOGCS[\"wgs84\",DATUM[\"WGS_1984\",SPHEROID[\"WGS_1984\",6378137,298.257223563]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0],UNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]]" ;
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- crs:crs_proj4 = " +proj=longlat +no_defs +a=6378137 +rf=298.257223563 +towgs84=0.000,0.000,0.000" ;
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- float longitude(longitude) ;
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- longitude:units = "degrees_east" ;
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- longitude:long_name = "Longitude values" ;
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- longitude:standard_name = "longitude" ;
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- longitude:axis = "X" ;
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- float latitude(latitude) ;
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- latitude:units = "degrees_north" ;
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- latitude:long_name = "Latitude values" ;
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- latitude:standard_name = "latitude" ;
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- latitude:axis = "Y" ;
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- float z(z) ;
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- z:units = "meter" ;
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- z:long_name = "z coordinate of projection" ;
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- z:standard_name = "projection_z_coordinate" ;
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- z:positive = "up" ;
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- z:axis = "Z" ;
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- double volume_double(z, latitude, longitude) ;
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- volume_double:grid_mapping = "crs" ;
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+ float longitude(longitude) ;
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+ longitude:units = "degrees_east" ;
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+ longitude:long_name = "Longitude values" ;
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+ longitude:standard_name = "longitude" ;
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+ longitude:axis = "X" ;
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+ float latitude(latitude) ;
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+ latitude:units = "degrees_north" ;
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+ latitude:long_name = "Latitude values" ;
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+ latitude:standard_name = "latitude" ;
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+ latitude:axis = "Y" ;
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+ float z(z) ;
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+ z:units = "meter" ;
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+ z:long_name = "z coordinate of projection" ;
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+ z:standard_name = "projection_z_coordinate" ;
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+ z:positive = "up" ;
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+ z:axis = "Z" ;
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+ float volume_float(z, latitude, longitude) ;
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+ volume_float:valid_min = 3.f ;
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+ volume_float:valid_max = 59.f ;
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// global attributes:
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- :Conventions = "CF-1.5" ;
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- :history = "GRASS GIS 7 NetCDF export of r3.out.netcdf" ;
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+ :Conventions = "CF-1.5" ;
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+ :history = "GRASS GIS 7 netCDF export of r3.out.netcdf" ;
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+data:
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+
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+ longitude = -175, -165, -155, -145, -135, -125, -115, -105, -95, -85, -75,
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+ -65, -55, -45, -35, -25, -15, -5, 5, 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85, 95,
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+ 105, 115, 125, 135, 145, 155, 165, 175 ;
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+
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+ latitude = 85, 75, 65, 55, 45, 35, 25, 15, 5, -5, -15, -25, -35, -45, -55,
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+ -65, -75, -85 ;
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+
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+ z = 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 ;
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}
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-</pre></div>
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-<p>Now we create a 3D raster map with a temporal vertical unit</p>
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+#####################################################################
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+# Exporting the projection specific settings and a null value
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+#####################################################################
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-<div class="code"><pre>
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-g.region s=-90 n=90 w=-180 e=180 b=0 t=50 res=10 res3=2 -p3
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-r3.mapcalc expr="volume_double = double(col() + row() + depth())"
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-r3.timestamp map=volume_time_double date='1 Jan 2001'
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-r3.support map=volume_time_double vunit="days"
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-r3.info
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+r3.out.netcdf --o -p null=-1 input=volume_float output=test_float.nc
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+ncdump -c test_float.nc
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- +----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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- | Layer: volume_time_double Date: Wed May 16 20:26:28 2012 |
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- | Mapset: PERMANENT Login of Creator: soeren |
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- | Location: TestLL |
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- | DataBase: /1/soeren/grassdata |
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- | Title: volume_time_double |
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- | Units: none |
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- | Vertical unit: days |
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- | Timestamp: 1 Jan 2001 |
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- |----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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- | |
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- | Type of Map: 3d cell Number of Categories: 0 |
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- | Data Type: DCELL |
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- | Rows: 90 |
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- | Columns: 180 |
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- | Depths: 25 |
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- | Total Cells: 405000 |
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- | Total size: 2835864 Bytes |
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- | Number of tiles: 108 |
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- | Mean tile size: 26258 Bytes |
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- | Tile size in memory: 32400 Bytes |
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- | Number of tiles in x, y and z: 6, 6, 3 |
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- | Dimension of a tile in x, y, z: 30, 15, 9 |
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- | |
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- | Projection: Latitude-Longitude (zone 0) |
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- | N: 90N S: 90S Res: 2 |
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- | E: 180E W: 180W Res: 2 |
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- | T: 50 B: 0 Res: 2 |
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- | Range of data: min = 3 max = 295 |
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- | |
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- | Data Source: |
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- | |
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- | |
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- | |
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- | Data Description: |
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- | generated by r3.mapcalc |
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- | |
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- | Comments: |
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- | r3.mapcalc expression="volume_time_double = double(col() + row() + d\ |
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- | epth())" |
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- | |
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- +----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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+netcdf test_float {
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+dimensions:
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+ longitude = 36 ;
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+ latitude = 18 ;
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+ z = 5 ;
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+variables:
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+ char crs ;
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+ crs:crs_wkt = "GEOGCS[\"wgs84\",DATUM[\"WGS_1984\",SPHEROID[\"WGS_1984\",6378137,298.257223563]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0],UNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]]" ;
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+ crs:spatial_ref = "GEOGCS[\"wgs84\",DATUM[\"WGS_1984\",SPHEROID[\"WGS_1984\",6378137,298.257223563]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0],UNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]]" ;
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+ crs:crs_proj4 = " +proj=longlat +no_defs +a=6378137 +rf=298.257223563 +towgs84=0.000,0.000,0.000" ;
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+ float longitude(longitude) ;
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+ longitude:units = "degrees_east" ;
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+ longitude:long_name = "Longitude values" ;
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+ longitude:standard_name = "longitude" ;
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+ longitude:axis = "X" ;
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+ float latitude(latitude) ;
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+ latitude:units = "degrees_north" ;
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+ latitude:long_name = "Latitude values" ;
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+ latitude:standard_name = "latitude" ;
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+ latitude:axis = "Y" ;
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+ float z(z) ;
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+ z:units = "meter" ;
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+ z:long_name = "z coordinate of projection" ;
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+ z:standard_name = "projection_z_coordinate" ;
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+ z:positive = "up" ;
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+ z:axis = "Z" ;
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+ float volume_float(z, latitude, longitude) ;
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+ volume_float:valid_min = 3.f ;
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+ volume_float:valid_max = 59.f ;
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+ volume_float:missing_value = -1.f ;
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+ volume_float:_FillValue = -1.f ;
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+ volume_float:grid_mapping = "crs" ;
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-</pre></div>
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-<p>Export the map and show the NetCDF header</P>
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+// global attributes:
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+ :Conventions = "CF-1.5" ;
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+ :history = "GRASS GIS 7 netCDF export of r3.out.netcdf" ;
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+data:
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-<p>NetCDF header of an exported 3D raster map with vertical temporal unit in a Lat/Lon projection:</P>
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+ longitude = -175, -165, -155, -145, -135, -125, -115, -105, -95, -85, -75,
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+ -65, -55, -45, -35, -25, -15, -5, 5, 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85, 95,
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+ 105, 115, 125, 135, 145, 155, 165, 175 ;
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-<div class="code"><pre>
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-r3.out.netcdf --o input=volume_time_double output=test_time_double.nc
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-ncdump -h test_time_double.nc
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+ latitude = 85, 75, 65, 55, 45, 35, 25, 15, 5, -5, -15, -25, -35, -45, -55,
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+ -65, -75, -85 ;
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+
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+ z = 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 ;
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+}
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-netcdf test_time_double {
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+#####################################################################
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+# Assigning time as vertical unit and setting an absolute time stamp
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+#####################################################################
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+
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+r3.timestamp map=volume_float date='1 Jan 2001/5 Jan 2001'
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+r3.support map=volume_float vunit="days"
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+r3.out.netcdf --o -p null=-1 input=volume_float output=test_float.nc
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+ncdump -c test_float.nc
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+
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+netcdf test_float {
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dimensions:
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- longitude = 180 ;
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- latitude = 90 ;
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- time = 25 ;
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+ longitude = 36 ;
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+ latitude = 18 ;
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+ time = 5 ;
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variables:
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- char crs ;
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- crs:crs_wkt = "GEOGCS[\"wgs84\",DATUM[\"WGS_1984\",SPHEROID[\"WGS_1984\",6378137,298.257223563]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0],UNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]]" ;
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- crs:spatial_ref = "GEOGCS[\"wgs84\",DATUM[\"WGS_1984\",SPHEROID[\"WGS_1984\",6378137,298.257223563]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0],UNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]]" ;
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- crs:crs_proj4 = " +proj=longlat +no_defs +a=6378137 +rf=298.257223563 +towgs84=0.000,0.000,0.000" ;
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- float longitude(longitude) ;
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- longitude:units = "degrees_east" ;
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- longitude:long_name = "Longitude values" ;
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- longitude:standard_name = "longitude" ;
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- longitude:axis = "X" ;
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- float latitude(latitude) ;
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- latitude:units = "degrees_north" ;
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- latitude:long_name = "Latitude values" ;
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- latitude:standard_name = "latitude" ;
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- latitude:axis = "Y" ;
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- int time(time) ;
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- time:units = "days since 2001-01-01 00:00:00" ;
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- time:long_name = "Time in days" ;
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- time:calendar = "gregorian" ;
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- time:positive = "up" ;
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- time:axis = "T" ;
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|
- double volume_time_double(time, latitude, longitude) ;
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- volume_time_double:grid_mapping = "crs" ;
|
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|
+ char crs ;
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|
+ crs:crs_wkt = "GEOGCS[\"wgs84\",DATUM[\"WGS_1984\",SPHEROID[\"WGS_1984\",6378137,298.257223563]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0],UNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]]" ;
|
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|
+ crs:spatial_ref = "GEOGCS[\"wgs84\",DATUM[\"WGS_1984\",SPHEROID[\"WGS_1984\",6378137,298.257223563]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0],UNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]]" ;
|
|
|
+ crs:crs_proj4 = " +proj=longlat +no_defs +a=6378137 +rf=298.257223563 +towgs84=0.000,0.000,0.000" ;
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|
+ float longitude(longitude) ;
|
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|
+ longitude:units = "degrees_east" ;
|
|
|
+ longitude:long_name = "Longitude values" ;
|
|
|
+ longitude:standard_name = "longitude" ;
|
|
|
+ longitude:axis = "X" ;
|
|
|
+ float latitude(latitude) ;
|
|
|
+ latitude:units = "degrees_north" ;
|
|
|
+ latitude:long_name = "Latitude values" ;
|
|
|
+ latitude:standard_name = "latitude" ;
|
|
|
+ latitude:axis = "Y" ;
|
|
|
+ int time(time) ;
|
|
|
+ time:units = "days since 2001-01-01 00:00:00" ;
|
|
|
+ time:long_name = "Time in days" ;
|
|
|
+ time:calendar = "gregorian" ;
|
|
|
+ time:positive = "up" ;
|
|
|
+ time:axis = "T" ;
|
|
|
+ float volume_float(time, latitude, longitude) ;
|
|
|
+ volume_float:valid_min = 3.f ;
|
|
|
+ volume_float:valid_max = 59.f ;
|
|
|
+ volume_float:missing_value = -1.f ;
|
|
|
+ volume_float:_FillValue = -1.f ;
|
|
|
+ volume_float:grid_mapping = "crs" ;
|
|
|
|
|
|
// global attributes:
|
|
|
- :Conventions = "CF-1.5" ;
|
|
|
- :history = "GRASS GIS 7 NetCDF export of r3.out.netcdf" ;
|
|
|
+ :Conventions = "CF-1.5" ;
|
|
|
+ :history = "GRASS GIS 7 netCDF export of r3.out.netcdf" ;
|
|
|
+data:
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ longitude = -175, -165, -155, -145, -135, -125, -115, -105, -95, -85, -75,
|
|
|
+ -65, -55, -45, -35, -25, -15, -5, 5, 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85, 95,
|
|
|
+ 105, 115, 125, 135, 145, 155, 165, 175 ;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ latitude = 85, 75, 65, 55, 45, 35, 25, 15, 5, -5, -15, -25, -35, -45, -55,
|
|
|
+ -65, -75, -85 ;
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
+ time = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ;
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
</pre></div>
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<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
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Soeren Gebbert