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@@ -22,29 +22,35 @@ can be specified at import time with a given import module such as
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<div align="center" style="margin: 10px">
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<img src="raster3d_layout.png" border=0><br>
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-<i>The 3D raster map coordinate system and tile layout of the RASTER3D library</i>
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+<i>
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+ The 3D raster map coordinate system and the internal tile layout of
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+ the RASTER3D library
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+</i>
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</div>
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+
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<h3>Terminology and naming</h3>
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-GRASS GIS uses terminology where continuous 3D data represented by regular grid
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+In GRASS GIS terminology, continuous 3D data represented by regular grid
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or lattice is called <em>3D raster map</em>.
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-3D raster map works in 3D in the same as (2D) raster map in 2D,
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+3D raster map works in 3D in the same was as (2D) raster map in 2D,
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so it is called the same except for the additional 3D.
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Some literature or other software may use terms such as 3D grid, 3D lattice,
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3D matrix, 3D array, volume, voxel, voxel model, or voxel cube.
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Note that terms volume and volumetric often refer to measuring
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volume (amount) of some substance which may or may not be related to 3D rasters.
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+<p>
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Note that GRASS GIS uses the term 3D raster map or just 3D raster for short,
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rather than 3D raster layer because term map emphasizes
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the mapping of positions to values which is the purpose of 3D raster map
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-(in mathematics, map or mapping is close to a term function).
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-While the term layer emphasizes overlaying or stacking up.
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-The former is not the only only operation done with data
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+(in mathematics, map or mapping is close to a term function)
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+On the other hand, the term layer emphasizes overlaying or stacking up.
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+The former is not the only operation done with data
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and the latter could be confusing in case of 3D raster data.
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-3D raster map is divided into cells in the same as the (2D) raster map.
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+<p>
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+3D raster map is divided into cells in the same way as the (2D) raster map.
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A cell is a cube or a (rectangular) cuboid depending on the resolution.
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The resolution influences volume of one cell.
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Some literature or other software may use terms such as volume, volume unit,
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@@ -53,11 +59,14 @@ Note that voxel can be sometimes used to refer to a whole 3D raster
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and that for example in 3D computer graphics, voxel can denote object
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with some complicated shape.
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+<p>
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Type of map and element name in GRASS GIS is called <code>raster_3d</code>.
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The module family prefix is <code>r3</code>.
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-Occasionally, for example in Python, 3D raster related things can be
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+Occasionally, 3D raster related things can be
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referred differently, for example according to a programming language standards.
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+This might be the case of some functions or classes in Python.
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+<p>
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In GRASS GIS 3D rasters as stored in tiles which are hidden from user most
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of the time. When analyzing or visualizing 3D rasters user can create
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slices or cross sections. Slices can be horizontal, vertical, or general
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@@ -65,12 +74,17 @@ plains going through a 3D raster. Slices, especially the horizontal ones, may be
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called layers in some literature or some other software.
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Cross sections are general functions, e.g. defined by 2D raster, going through
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a 3D raster.
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+Another often used term is an isosuface which has the same relation to
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+3D raster as contour (isoline) to a 2D raster. An isosurface is
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+a surface that represent places with a constant value.
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+<p>
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When 3D raster is used in the way that vertical dimension represents time
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3D raster can be referred to as space time cubes (STC) or space time cube
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3D raster. Some literature may also use space time voxel cube,
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space time voxel model or some other combination.
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+
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<h3>3D raster import</h3>
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The modules <a href="r3.in.ascii.html">r3.in.ascii</a> and
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@@ -140,6 +154,13 @@ NetCDF export of 3D raster maps can be performed using the module
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<a href="r3.out.netcdf.html">r3.out.netcdf</a>. It supports 3D raster maps
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with spatial dimensions and temporal (vertical) dimension.
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+
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+<h3>Working with 3D visualization software</h3>
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+
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+GRASS GIS can be used for visualization of 3D rasters, however
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+it has also tools to easily export the data into other visualization
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+packages.
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+
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<p>
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GRASS GIS 3D raster maps can be exported to VTK
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using <a href="r3.out.vtk.html">r3.out.vtk</a>.
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@@ -153,10 +174,10 @@ and GRASS GIS vector maps can be exported to VTK with
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<a href="v.out.vtk.html">v.out.vtk</a>.
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<p>
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-Alternatively, GRASS 3D raster maps can be imported and exported from/to Vis5D
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-(<a href="r3.in.v5d.html">r3.in.v5d</a>, <a href="r3.out.v5d.html">r3.out.v5d</a>).
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-Note that Vis5D is limited in the number of supported volumes.
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-<!-- it is not clear what 'volume' means here -->
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+Alternatively, GRASS 3D raster maps can be imported and exported from/to
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+<em><a href="http://vis5d.sourceforge.net/">Vis5D</a></em>
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+(<a href="r3.in.v5d.html">r3.in.v5d</a>,
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+<a href="r3.out.v5d.html">r3.out.v5d</a>).
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<h3>3D raster data types</h3>
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