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<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
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-The <em>r.stream.order</em> calculates Strahler's and other stream
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+<p>
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+The module <em>r.stream.order</em> calculates Strahler's and other stream
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hierarchy methods. It is a basic module for topological analysis of
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drainage networks.
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<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
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+
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<dl>
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<dt><b>-z</b></dt>
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<dd>Creates zero-value background instead of NULL. For some reason
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(like map algebra calculation) zero-valued background may be
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required. This flag produces zero-filled background instead of null
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(default).</dd>
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+
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<dt><b>-a</b></dt>
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<dd>Uses accumulation map instead of cumulated stream length to
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-determine main branch at bifurcation. Works well only with SFD
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-networks</dd>
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+determine main branch at bifurcation. Works well only with stream
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+network produced with SFD algorithm.</dd>
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+
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<dt><b>-m</b></dt>
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<dd>Only for very large data sets. Use segment library to optimise
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memory consumption during analysis</dd>
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+
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<dt><b>stream_rast</b></dt>
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-<dd>Name of input stream map on which ordering will be performed
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-produced by <em><a href="r.watershed.html">r.watershed</a></em> or
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-<em><a href="r.stream.extract.html">r.stream.extract</a></em>. Because
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-streams network produced
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-by <em><a href="r.watershed.html">r.watershed</a></em> and
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-<em><a href="r.stream.extract.html">r.stream.extract</a></em> may
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-slightly differ in detail it is required to use both stream and
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-direction map produced by the same module. Stream background shall
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-have NULL value or zero value. Background values of NULL are by
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-default produced by <em><a href="r.watershed.html">r.watershed</a></em> or
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-<em><a href="r.stream.extract.html">r.stream.extract</a></em>. If not
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-0 or NULL use <em><a href="r.mapcalc.html">r.mapcalc</a></em> to set background
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-values to null.
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-</dd>
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+<dd>Stream network: name for input stream network map, produced using either
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+<em>r.watershed</em> or <em>r.stream.extract</em>. Since stream
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+network maps produced by <em>r.watershed</em> and <em>r.stream.extract</em> may
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+slightly differ in detail, it is required to use both stream and direction maps
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+produced by the same module. Non-stream cell values must be set to NULL.</dd>
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+
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<dt><b>direction</b></dt>
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-<dd>Name of input direction map produced by <em><a href="r.watershed.html">r.watershed</a></em> or
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-<em><a href="r.stream.extract.html">r.stream.extract</a></em>. If
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-<em><a href="r.stream.extract.html">r.stream.extract</a></em> output
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-map is used, it only has non-NULL values in places where streams
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-occur. NULL (nodata) cells are ignored, zero and negative values are
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-valid direction data if they vary from -8 to 8 (CCW from East in steps
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-of 45 degrees). Direction map shall be of type CELL values. Region
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-resolution and map resolution must be the same.
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-Also <b>stream_rast</b> network and <b>direction</b> maps must have
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-the same resolution. It is checked by default. If resolutions differ
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-the module informs about it and stops. Region boundary and maps
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-boundary may be differ but it may lead to unexpected results.</dd>
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+<dd>Flow direction: name of input input raster map with flow direction,
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+produced using either <em>r.watershed</em> or <em>r.stream.extract</em>.
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+If <em>r.stream.extract</em> output map is used, it is non-NULL only
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+where streams occur and NULL elsewhere. NULL (nodata) cells are ignored,
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+zero and negative values are valid direction data only if they vary
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+from -8 to 8 (CCW from East in steps of 45 degrees). Flow direction map
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+shall be of integer type (CELL).</dd>
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+
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<dt><b>accumulation</b></dt>
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-<dd>Flow accumulation (optional, not recommended): name of flow
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-accumulation file produced by <em><a href="r.watershed.html">r.watershed</a></em> or
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-<em><a href="r.stream.extract.html">r.stream.extract</a></em>. This
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+<dd>(optional, not recommended): name for input flow
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+accumulation map produced by <em><a href="r.watershed.html">r.watershed</a></em>
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+or <em><a href="r.stream.extract.html">r.stream.extract</a></em>. This
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map is an option only if Horton's or Hack's ordering is
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performed. Normally both Horton and Hack ordering is calculated on
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cumulative stream length which is calculated internally. Flow
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-accumulation can be used if user want to calculate main stream as most
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-accumulated stream. Flow accumulation map shall be of DCELL type, as
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-is by default produced by r.watershed or converted do DCELL with
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+accumulation can be used if user wants to calculate the main channel
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+as the stream with the highest value of aqccumulation.
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+Flow accumulation map shall be of DCELL type, as
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+is by default produced by r.watershed or converted to DCELL with
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<em><a href="r.mapcalc.html">r.mapcalc</a></em>.</dd>
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-<dt><b>elevation</b></dt>
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-<dd>Used to calculate geometrical properties of the network stored in the
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-table.</dd>
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-</dl>
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-<h3>OUTPUTS</h3>
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-
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-<p>At least one output map is required:
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+<dt><b>elevation</b></dt>
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+<dd>Elevation: name for input elevation map. It can be of type CELL, FCELL or
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+DCELL. It is used to calculate geometrical properties of the network
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+stored in the table.</dd>
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-<dl>
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<dt><b>stream_vect</b></dt>
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-<dd>Vector network with table where stream network topology can be
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-stored. Because <em><a href="r.stream.order.html">r.stream.order</a></em>
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-is prepared to work both with <em><a href="r.watershed.html">r.watershed</a></em> or
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+<dd>Name for output vector map with stream network. It has a table associated,
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+where stream network topology can be stored. Because
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+<em><a href="r.stream.order.html">r.stream.order</a></em>
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+is prepared to work either with <em><a href="r.watershed.html">r.watershed</a></em> or
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<em><a href="r.stream.extract.html">r.stream.extract</a></em>, it may
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-be used to create correct vector
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-from <em><a href="r.watershed.html">r.watershed</a></em> results.<dd>
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+be used to create corrected stream vector from
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+<em><a href="r.watershed.html">r.watershed</a></em> results.<dd>
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<dt><b>strahler</b></dt>
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-<dd>Name of Strahler's stream order output map: see notes for
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-detail. </dd>
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+<dd>Name for output Strahler's stream order raster map.</dd>
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<dt><b>shreve</b></dt>
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-<dd>Name of Shreve's stream magnitude output map: see notes for detail.</dd>
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+<dd>Name for output Shreve's stream magnitude raster map.</dd>
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<dt><b>horton</b></dt>
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-<dd>Name of Horton's stream order output map (require accum file): see
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-notes for detail.</dd>
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+<dd>Name for output Horton's stream order raster map (requires flow
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+accumulation map).</dd>
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<dt><b>hack</b></dt>
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-<dd>Name of Hack's main streams output map : see notes for
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-detail.</dd>
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+<dd>Name for Hack's main streams output raster map.</dd>
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<dt><b>topo</b></dt>
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-<dd>Name of topological dimensions streams output map: see notes for
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-detail.</dd>
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+<dd>Name for topological dimension streams raster map.</dd>
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</dl>
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+
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<h2>NOTES</h2>
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-Module can work only if direction map, stream map and region map has
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-same settings. It is also required that stream map and direction map
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-come from the same source. For lots of reason this limitation probably
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-cannot be omitted. This means if stream map comes from
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-<em><a href="r.stream.extract.html">r.stream.extract</a></em> also
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-direction map
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+<p>
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+The module can work only if <em>direction</em> map, <em>stream_rast</em>
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+map and the computational region have the same settings.
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+It is also required that the <em>stream_rast</em> map and the
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+<em>direction</em> map come from the same source. For lots of reason this
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+limitation probably cannot be omitted. This means if <em>stream_rast</em>
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+map comes from
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+<em><a href="r.stream.extract.html">r.stream.extract</a></em> also the
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+<em>direction</em> map
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from <em><a href="r.stream.extract.html">r.stream.extract</a></em>
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must be used. If stream network was generated with MFD method also MFD
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-direction map must be used. Nowadays f direction map comes from
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+direction map must be used. Nowadays if direction map comes from
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<em><a href="r.stream.extract.html">r.stream.extract</a></em> must be
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patched by direction map
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-from <em><a href="r.watershed.html">r.watershed</a></em>. (with <em><a href="r.patch.html">r.patch</a></em>).
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+from <em><a href="r.watershed.html">r.watershed</a></em>. (with
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+<em><a href="r.patch.html">r.patch</a></em>).
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<h3>Stream ordering example</h3>
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<center>
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