added gnuplot example

math/gnuplot/high-order-knot/Makefile

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+SOURCE = high-order-knot
+DELAY = 80
+DENSITY = 300
+WIDTH = 500
+
+make:
+	gnuplot plot.gnuplot
+	pdflatex -shell-escape $(SOURCE).tex -output-format=pdf
+	make clean
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf  $(TARGET) *.class *.html *.log *.aux plot-tmp.tex
+
+gif:
+	pdfcrop $(SOURCE).pdf
+	convert -verbose -delay $(DELAY) -loop 0 -density $(DENSITY) $(SOURCE)-crop.pdf $(SOURCE).gif
+	make clean
+
+png:
+	make
+	make svg
+	inkscape $(SOURCE).svg -w $(WIDTH) --export-png=$(SOURCE).png
+
+transparentGif:
+	convert $(SOURCE).pdf -transparent white result.gif
+	make clean
+
+svg:
+	#inkscape $(SOURCE).pdf --export-plain-svg=$(SOURCE).svg
+	pdf2svg $(SOURCE).pdf $(SOURCE).svg
+	# Necessary, as pdf2svg does not always create valid svgs:
+	inkscape $(SOURCE).svg --export-plain-svg=$(SOURCE).svg

math/gnuplot/high-order-knot/README.md

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+Use gnuplot within latex
+========================
+First make sure that you can use gnuplot:
+* Execute "gnuplot" in your command line
+** Doesn't work: Look up where the binary is located (e.g. `C:\Programs\gnuplot\bin\gnuplot.exe`) and add it to your path (Windows + Pause -> System variables -> Path). Then try executing "gnuplot" in terminal again
+** remember: You have to use `-shell-escape`
+
+GnuPlot Terminal types
+----------------------
+Available terminal types:
+           aed512  AED 512 Terminal
+           aed767  AED 767 Terminal
+             aifm  Adobe Illustrator 3.0 Format
+         bitgraph  BBN Bitgraph Terminal
+              cgm  Computer Graphics Metafile
+            corel  EPS format for CorelDRAW
+             dumb  ascii art for anything that prints text
+              dxf  dxf-file for AutoCad (default size 120x80)
+            eepic  EEPIC -- extended LaTeX picture environment
+              emf  Enhanced Metafile format
+            emtex  LaTeX picture environment with emTeX specials
+         epslatex  LaTeX picture environment using graphicx package
+     epson_180dpi  Epson LQ-style 180-dot per inch (24 pin) printers
+      epson_60dpi  Epson-style 60-dot per inch printers
+      epson_lx800  Epson LX-800, Star NL-10, NX-1000, PROPRINTER ...
+              fig  FIG graphics language for XFIG graphics editor
+              gif  GIF images using libgd and TrueType fonts
+             gpic  GPIC -- Produce graphs in groff using the gpic preprocessor
+          hp2623A  HP2623A and maybe others
+           hp2648  HP2648 and HP2647
+           hp500c  HP DeskJet 500c, [75 100 150 300] [rle tiff]
+
+             hpdj  HP DeskJet 500, [75 100 150 300]
+             hpgl  HP7475 and relatives [number of pens] [eject]
+           hpljii  HP Laserjet series II, [75 100 150 300]
+             hppj  HP PaintJet and HP3630 [FNT5X9 FNT9X17 FNT13X25]
+           imagen  Imagen laser printer
+             jpeg  JPEG images using libgd and TrueType fonts
+       kc_tek40xx  MS-DOS Kermit Tek4010 terminal emulator - color
+       km_tek40xx  MS-DOS Kermit Tek4010 terminal emulator - monochrome
+            latex  LaTeX picture environment
+               mf  Metafont plotting standard
+              mif  Frame maker MIF 3.00 format
+               mp  MetaPost plotting standard
+          nec_cp6  NEC printer CP6, Epson LQ-800 [monocrome color draft]
+          okidata  OKIDATA 320/321 Standard
+              pbm  Portable bitmap [small medium large] [monochrome gray color]
+             pcl5  HP Designjet 750C, HP Laserjet III/IV, etc. (many options)
+              png  PNG images using libgd and TrueType fonts
+       postscript  PostScript graphics, including EPSF embedded files (*.eps)
+          pslatex  LaTeX picture environment with PostScript \specials
+            pstex  plain TeX with PostScript \specials
+         pstricks  LaTeX picture environment with PSTricks macros
+              qms  QMS/QUIC Laser printer (also Talaris 1200 and others)
+            regis  REGIS graphics language
+          selanar  Selanar
+            starc  Star Color Printer
+              svg  W3C Scalable Vector Graphics driver
+      tandy_60dpi  Tandy DMP-130 series 60-dot per inch graphics
+          tek40xx  Tektronix 4010 and others; most TEK emulators
+          tek410x  Tektronix 4106, 4107, 4109 and 420X terminals
+          texdraw  LaTeX texdraw environment
+             tgif  TGIF X11 [mode] [x,y] [dashed] ["font" [fontsize]]
+         tkcanvas  Tk/Tcl canvas widget [perltk] [interactive]
+             tpic  TPIC -- LaTeX picture environment with tpic \specials
+          unknown  Unknown terminal type - not a plotting device
+            vttek  VT-like tek40xx terminal emulator
+              wxt  wxWidgets cross-platform windowed terminal
+              x11  X11 Window System
+             xlib  X11 Window System (gnulib_x11 dump)
+            xterm  Xterm Tektronix 4014 Mode
+
+The following sound good:
+            eepic  EEPIC -- extended LaTeX picture environment
+            emtex  LaTeX picture environment with emTeX specials
+         epslatex  LaTeX picture environment using graphicx package
+            latex  LaTeX picture environment
+          pslatex  LaTeX picture environment with PostScript \specials
+         pstricks  LaTeX picture environment with PSTricks macros
+          texdraw  LaTeX texdraw environment
+             tpic  TPIC -- LaTeX picture environment with tpic \specials
+              svg  W3C Scalable Vector Graphics driver
+              png  PNG images using libgd and TrueType fonts
+
+Sources
+-------
+* [konze.org](http://konze.org/?p=422): Thanks for mentioning the image source
+* [soukoreff.com/gnuplot](http://soukoreff.com/gnuplot/): Thanks for this amazing knot
+* [eelvex.net](http://www.eelvex.net/latex/graphs-and-diagrams-in-latex/): Thanks for the solution that actually worked

math/gnuplot/high-order-knot/high-order-knot.tex

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+\documentclass{standalone}
+
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+
+\begin{document}
+\input plot
+\end{document}

math/gnuplot/high-order-knot/plot.gnuplot

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+set terminal latex
+set output "plot-tmp.tex"
+set nokey
+set parametric
+set hidden3d
+set view 45,60
+set isosamples 200,15
+splot [-3*pi:3*pi][-pi:pi] cos(u)*cos(v)+3*cos(u)*(1.5+sin(u*5/3)/2),\
+sin(u)*cos(v)+3*sin(u)*(1.5+sin(u*5/3)/2), sin(v)+2*cos(u*5/3)